on to munism。 But in 1981； after a year and a half of strikes and unrest； the government declared martial law。 Walesa was placed under house arrest。
旁白：1000万波兰人加入了团结工会，在瓦文萨（Walesa）的领导下，团结工会成为了共产党的主要反对党。但是在罢工和###的一年半后，1981年，政府宣布实施军事管制法，瓦文萨（Walesa）被软禁起来。
When Thatcher visited Poland in 1988 she demanded that the munist government allow her to meet Lech Walesa。
撒切尔（Thatcher）1988年访问波兰的时候，曾要求共产党政府允许她会晤莱克。瓦文萨（Lech Walesa）。
LECH WALESA： You didn't say no to Mrs。 Thatcher。 No one refused her； so her noticing us and demanding a meeting with me and the others； that was a crucial event。
莱克。瓦文萨（Lech Walesa）：人们没有对撒切尔夫人说不，没有人拒绝她，所以，她通知我们，并要求与我和其它人会面，那是一个具有决定意义的事件。
CHARLES POWELL： She came into the city of Gdansk onboard a small ship； and as she went past the shipyards； all the cranes on the dockside was lined with shipyard workers； all cheering and waving； and one began to sense here was an extraordinary experience in the making。
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：她坐一艘小船来到格但斯克市。当她经过船厂时，码头上的所有起重机旁都整整齐齐地站满了船厂工人，他们欢呼、招手，人们开始感觉到这里正在酝酿一场非凡的经历。
FATHER HENRY JANKOWSKI： The shipyard workers were not only sitting on the gate； but they were also on the roofs surrounding the shipyard。 She's a tough lady； she conquered the hearts of the people of Gdansk。
亨利。杰克斯基（Henry Jankowski）神父：船厂的工人们爬上大门，还爬上周围的屋顶。她是一个女强人，她征服了格但斯克人的心。
NARRATOR： Solidarity workers escorted Mrs。 Thatcher to a church。
旁白：团结工会的工人们陪同撒切尔夫人来到教堂。
CHARLES POWELL： Great crowds sang the Solidarity anthem； a haunting anthem。
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：许多人为团结工会唱赞美诗，令人难以忘怀的赞美诗。
FATHER HENRY JANKOWSKI： I could see she was very emotional about this visit。 Her eyes registered everything that went on around her。
亨利。杰克斯基（Henry Jankowski）神父：我能感觉到她是很动情地在进行这次访问，她关注着身边发生的每一件事情。
CHARLES POWELL： It's one of the very few times that I saw tears in Mrs。 Thatcher's eyes。 She was so moved by this expression of longing for liberty。
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：那是少有的几次我从撒切尔夫人的眼中看到了泪光，她被这种对自由的深深的渴望所打动了。
NARRATOR： At the house of Walesa's priest； Margaret Thatcher met with the leaders of Solidarity。 A Solidarity cameraman recorded this historic meeting …… and Mrs。 Thatcher arguing that economic freedom and personal freedom go hand in hand。
旁白：在瓦文萨（Walesa）的牧师的家中，玛格丽特。撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）会见了团结工会的领导人，团结工会的一位摄影师记录下了这次历史性的会见——撒切尔夫人指出经济自由与个人自由是紧密相连的。
MARGARET THATCHER： If you have a free society under a rule of law； it produces both dignity of the individual and prosperity。
玛格丽特。撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）：如果你拥有一个法律约束下的自由社会，它将会给你带来人格的尊严和经济的繁荣。
CHARLES POWELL： Although it sounds very bossy and interfering； I think they were genuinely grateful。 "；You； Solidarity；"； she said； "；you must have your own ideas and plans worked out。 It's no good just being popular。"；
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：尽管听起来非常专横和具有干涉性，但我想他们真的会非常感激的：“你们，团结工会，”她说，“你们必须制定出自己的理想和计划，仅仅人多，受欢迎，是毫无用处的。”
MARGARET THATCHER： How do you see the process from where you are now to where you want to be？ Because whatever you want to do； it's not only what you want to do； but how the practical way you see it ing about； if you were to write down the 10 steps； from where you are now to where you want to be。
玛格丽特。撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）：对于从你们现在的状况到你们想要达到的状况的进程，你们怎么看？因为无论你想做什么，如果你写下从你现在的情况到你想要达到的目标之间的10个步骤，则你会发现，这不仅仅是你想要做什么的问题，而是你怎样采取实用的方法去实现目标的问题。
CHARLES POWELL： And at one point； she said to Walesa； "；But how do you get your thinking over to the Polish government？"； And he laughed and pointed to the ceiling and said； "；There's no trouble； they've got this meeting bugged。"；
查尔斯。鲍威尔（Charles Powell）：突然，她问瓦文萨（Walesa）：“你怎样让波兰政府了解你的思想？”他笑着指了指天花板，说：“没问题的，他们监视着我们的谈话呢。”
FATHER HENRY JANKOWSKI： This meeting with Mrs。 Thatcher made these future politicians recognize the opportunities within their grasp。
亨利。杰克斯基（Henry Jankowski）神父：这次与撒切尔夫人的会面使得这些未来的政治家们认识到机会由他们自己掌握着。
MARGARET THATCHER： Thank you very much。
玛格丽特。撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）：非常感谢。
LECH WALESA： Without this meeting； there would not have been no victory； that's for sure。 There would have been delay； greater difficulties； or even our destruction。
莱克。瓦文萨（Lech Walesa）：如果没有这次会面，可能就没有后来的成功，真的，就可能会延迟，可能会遭遇更大的困难，甚至最终我们会失败。
NARRATOR： Thatcher's free…market message seemed to offer an escape from a Polish economy that was debt…ridden and riddled with shortages。
旁白：撒切尔的自由市场信息似乎也给债务负担沉重、物资短缺的波兰经济提供了走出泥潭的办法。
DANIEL YERGIN： As the munist economies got into deeper and deeper trouble； reformers and economists within the Soviet world began to look outside for solutions and for alternative paths。 They looked at the miracle economies of Asia； they looked at what was happening in the United States and in Western Europe； and they looked even as far as Latin America。
丹尼尔。尤金（Daniel Yergin）：随着共产主义经济陷入越来越深的困境，苏联社会的改革家和经济学家们开始向外界寻求解决方案和其他路径。他们研究了亚洲的经济奇迹，研究了美国和西欧当时的发展，他们甚至还研究了遥远的拉丁美洲。
Chapter 10： Bolivia at the Brink ＇7：07＇
第十章：处在悬崖边上的###
Onscreen title： La Paz； Bolivia
字幕标题：###，拉巴斯
NARRATOR： One of the poorest countries in Latin America and with a history of 189 military coups； Bolivia was also one of the most unstable。
旁白：###是拉丁美洲最贫穷的国家之一，它的历史中有过189次军事政变。它也是最不稳定的国家之一。
JORGE QUIROGA； President； Bolivia： When I was going through college in Texas； the first question you'd be asked is "；Who's the president of Bolivia this week？"； Second question down the road was "；You're from Bolivia …… what's the inflation rate in Bolivia this week？；"； because we had galloping hyperinflation that destroyed our economic base。
###总统乔治。昆拉伽（Jorge Quiroga）：当我在德克萨斯上大学时，人们见到我问的第一个问题通常是“这周的###总统是谁啊？”，接下来的第二个问题便是：“你从###来？###这周的通货膨胀率是多少啊？”因为我们承受着恶性的通货膨胀，它摧毁了我们的整个经济基础。
GONZALO "；GONI"； SANCHEZ DE LOZADA； President； Bolivia； 1993…1997： We found that Bolivia was the seventh highest inflation in the history of man。
###总统（1993…1997）孔塞洛。桑切斯。洛塞塔（Gonzalo "；Goni"； Sanchez De Lozada）：我们发现###的通货膨胀率是人类历史上第七高的通货膨胀率。
JUAN CARIAGA； Finance Minister； Bolivia； 1986…1988： Twenty…three thousand； five hundred percent。 Prices increased by the hour。
###财政部长（1986…1988）胡安。卡里加（Juan Cariaga）：通货膨胀率是23500％价格每小时都在上涨。
NARRATOR： The cost of food and clothes kept increasing。 Before it was all over； the total inflation averaged 1 percent every 10 minutes。
旁白：食品和服装的成本持续上涨。在这场恶性通货膨胀结束之前，总通胀率平均起来是每10分钟上涨1％。
JORGE QUIROGA： Seven out of 10 Bolivians live in poverty。 The poor people get hurt even more。 They see their pockets being eaten away by inflation that is galloping around。
乔治。昆拉伽（Jorge Quiroga）：70％的###人生活在贫困之中，穷人经受的痛苦更大，他们眼看着自己的口袋被肆虐的通货膨胀所榨干。
GONZALO SANCHEZ DE LOZADA： It's like a tiger； hyperinflation： If you don't kill it and you only have one bullet； it'll eat you。
孔塞洛。桑切斯。洛塞塔（Gonzalo Sanchez De Lozada）：恶性通货膨胀就像是一只老虎，你仅有一颗子弹，如果你射不死它的话，它便会吃了你。
NARRATOR： The root of the problem was government finances。 The government was spending 30 times more than it received in taxes。
旁白：问题的症结在于政府的财政赤字，政府的开支是其税收收入的30倍之多。
Across the continent； Latin America's unpetitive economies had been piling up debt。 In the 1970s； a massive hike in world oil prices left foreign banks awash with petrodollars。
拉丁美洲大陆国家经济普遍缺乏竞争力，这使得它们背负了沉重的债务负担。70年代，世界石油价格的飞涨使得许多外国银行充斥了太多的石油美元。
ARNOLD HARBERGER： So here were the international banks with billions of dollars and nowhere to earn interest on it。 They discovered Latin America。
阿诺德。哈勃（Arnold Harberger）：许多国际银行闲置着大量的美元，找不到投资去处，他们发现了拉丁美洲。
GONZALO SANCHEZ DE LOZADA： We were offered unreasonable amounts of money。 These banks who were very unwise in their lending policy came to the happy conclusion that countries don't go broke。 It's true； but sometimes they don't pay。
孔塞洛。桑切斯。洛塞塔（Gonzalo Sanchez De Lozada）：这些大银行给我们提供了过多的贷款，银行在制定他们的贷款政策时是很不明智的，他们兴致盎然地认为国家是不可能破产的。是的，国家是不可能破产，可是有时候国家也可能赖债的。
MOISES NAIM： Guess what？ One day； these countries could no longer afford to repay the debts。
莫伊斯。尼曼（Moises Naim）：想想是什么情况吧，有一天，这些国家再也无力偿还这些债务了。
NARRATOR： In 1982 a financial crisis in Mexico triggered a chain reaction that caused the 1980s to be known as Latin America's "；lost decade"；。
旁白：1982年，墨西哥的金融危机引发了一系列的连锁反应，从而导致了我们常说的：80年代是拉丁美洲“失去的10年”。
JOSEPH STANISLAW； Author； manding Heights： Bolivia was probably the most severe case of how things had gone wrong in Latin America。 For decades they just printed money。 They collected no taxes in the country。 If you can't collect taxes； you've got to make the money up somehow； so they just printed it。
《制高点》（manding Heights）作者约瑟夫。斯坦利斯诺（Joseph Stanislaw）：拉丁美洲的情况很糟糕，而###的情况可能是最为严重的，在几十年中，他们仅仅是在不断地印钞票，没有税收收入。而如果你收不上税，你可能就不得得想法子凑钱，所以他们便印钞票。
GONZALO SANCHEZ DE LOZADA： Bolivia was a basket case。 We were considered hopeless。 We had help from nobody。 We were totally alone。 The World Bank had closed its office； the IMF had pulled out its representative； and the American government and other friendly nations wouldn't answer the telephones。
孔塞洛。桑切斯。洛塞塔（Gonzalo Sanchez De Lozada）：###陷进了漩涡，我们被认为毫无希望了，没有人来帮助我们，我们完全靠自己在那里挣扎。世界银行关闭了他们的办事处，国际货币基金组织撤走了他们的代表，美国政府和其它一些原来友好的国家都不接我们的电话。
Onscreen title： Harvard University； USA
字幕标题：美国，哈佛大学
NARRATOR： At 29； economist Jeff Sachs had just bee one of Harvard's youngest full professors ever。
旁白：29岁的年�