bid；xiii53
11inthisstatetheprincekneelyent
12herodian
13aristotle；politics；ii10
14theyaldiatelyagainstforeignenees；plutarchralia；p88
15republic；ix
16plutareddlehpublicaffairs
17republic；v
18thegyieddanendsantiquityforhavingestablishedonlytilitaryart；plato；ibid
19autlibidinosutual；iv；55
20plutarans；question40
21ibid
22plutarch；tablepropositions；bookii；question5
23booki；pref
24livy；iii20
25ibid；32
26aboutahundredyearsafter
27seexi；12
28seedio；xxxviii；ciceroinplutarch；cicerotoatticus；iv10；15asniusoncicero；dedivinatione
29asselfbeteansoftheirtualjealousy；butthenhehasonlyaprecariousexistence
30seeleclerc；thehistoryoftheunitedprovinces
31”itisthecudgelthatgoveschina；”saysfatherduhalde；discdelachine；ii；p134
32angothers；delangesacunt
33ofthefalyofsouia；edifyingletters；llxviii
34seeinfatherduhaldehoissionariesavailedtheelvesoftheauthorityofandarins；pire
35seelettrespersanes；210
36seetheorderoftsongtoufortillingtheland；intheedifyingletters；llxxi
bookixoflaherelationtheybeartoadefensiveforce
1inall；itisdestroyedbyaforeignforce；ifitbelarge；itisruinedbyanintealierfection
tothistocraciesandaristocraciesareequallyliable；canredressit
itis；therefore；veryprobablethatnkindentofasingleperson；hadtheynotntrivedakindofnstitutionthathasalltheintealadvantagesofarepublientiananfederaterepublic
thisforfgoventisanventionbyeersofalargerone；blageofsocieties；thatnstituteaneeansoffurtherassociations；tilltheyarriveatsuchadegreeofpoobeabletoprovideforthesecurityofthewholebody
itansattasthatenabledthebarbarianstoresisther
henany；andthesonsarensideredineuropeasperpetualrepublics
theassooreneesaoreoverofallhunproperty2
arepublifthiskind；abletoaysupportitselfofthissocietypreventsallnnerofinnveniences
ifasingleershouldattettousurpthesuprepotherest；ainfreeghtopposehieforeheuldbesettledinhisusurpation
shouldapopularinsurrection
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第49节
happeninoneofthenfederatestates；theothersareabletoquellitshouldabusesedbythosethatreinsoundthestateybedestroyedononeside；andnotontheother；thenfederacyybedissolved；andthenfederatespreservetheirsovereignty
asthisgoventisposedofpettyrepublionarchies
2thatanfederategoventoughttobeposedofstatesofthesanature；espeondefenonarchies
asthenfederaterepublifgeynsistsoffreeoreierfectthanthatofhollandandszerland
thespiritofnarinion：peaceandderationarethespiritofarepublicthesetentcannotnaturallysubsistinanfederaterepublic
thusanhistory；thatdiatelyabandonedbyalltheotherpettyrepubliphyktyons
thenfederaterepublifgey；posedofprinagistrateoftheunion；inothers；thenarch
3otherrequisitesinanfederaterepubliayhappentotheprudeneerarepublioretoresign
itisdiffionuncil；theddlingonestalltochrepublisistsofsevenprovincesofdifferentextentofterritory；hhaveeachonevoice
thecitiesoflycia4ntributedtotheexpensesofthestate；acrdingtotheproportionofsuffragestheprovincesoftheunitedherlandscannotfolloustbedirectedbythatoftheirpower
inlyonunentionedintherepublifhollandtheyarenotonunagistratesodelofanexcellentnfederaterepublic；ishouldpitchuponthatoflycia
4inentsprovidefortheirseentsdoitbyseparating；andbykeepingtheelves；asitpireinaccessible
itisareetrythatthegreatertheextentofbodies；theretheiriddlingstates
adespotientdoesallthesittedbyacruelene；sitoresist
itpreservesitselflikeostdistantprovinogul；thekingofpersia；andtheeerorsofoldavians；theerlythetransylvanians；betselvesandtheirenees
5inentprovidesforitsseentbutakingdofaderateextentisliabletosuddeninvasions：itstthereforehavefortressestodefenditsfrontiers；andtroopstogarrisonthosefortressestheleastspotofgroundisdisputedilitaryskillandresolutiondespotionarchiesonlythatwagewar
fortressesareproperfoarentsareafraidofthetheydarenotentrusttheiroffihaveanyaffeent
6ofthedefensiveforusthavesuitofaproportionbetaybeinvaded；andthataydefeattheinvasionasaninvaderyappearoneveryside；itisrequisitethatthestateshouldbeabletokeoneverysideitsdefenoderateextent；proportionedtothedegreeofvelotovefroneplacetoanother
franuniiediatelytoind；thearesuniteandpassonefrontiertoanother；etoreve
itisextrelyhappyforfrancethatthecapitalstandsneartothedifferentfrontiersinproportiontotheiroreexposed
butpire；likepersia；isattabledinabody；andthentheyarenotabletokesuare；astheyuldforfifteendaysshouldthearonthefrontiersbedefeated；itissoondispersed；beeetingesuffinthegoveorsoftheprovinistheiropireissubverted；thecapitaltaken；andthenquerordisputestheseveralprovinceshthegoveors
therealpouchinthefacilityheetsakingnq
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第50节
uestsasinthediffitabilityofhisnditionbuttheinenttolayitselfreopentoanene
asnarallaterritory；theyshouldhavetheireyenstantlyontheinnveniencestenditsextent
7arefleiesofagreatprinonarself；tohisfaly；andtoalleuropeheaven；thatknorebypreventingthesusthanituldhavedonebyadehiappierbyrenderinghihestpowerful
thesubjeselvesforthelossofabattlebyasonguponthegeneral：thosesubjects；isay；hesolidityrequisiteforanenterpriseofthiskind；edinoneuntrycessfuleveryeunsuccessful；wouldbesoforever
8apartieoftheilitaryforselvesbypolitiedy
thelordofucysxisanexceptiontothegeneralrule；slikesuchaken
9oftherelativeforinished
duringthereignoflouisxivfranaragononarchytartary
10oftheeroughttotakepartiaginable；nothingbeingsonvenientasforoneprinhappensthatbysubduingsuinished
1itisposedofaboutfiftydifferentrepublijanisson；stateoftheunitedprovinces
2civilliberty；goods；ples；andevenburyingplaces
3strabo；xiv
4ibid
5ibid
bookxoflaherelationtheybeartooffensiveforce
1ofoffensiveforceoffensiveforceisregulatedbythelaions；hepoliticallarynsideredinitsrelationtoeveryother
2ofentsislikethatofnthelatterhasarighttokillinerhavearighttoheiroion
intheylifeisinrespe：inthesannerastatespreservationislikethatofanyotherbeing
plyaneediatedeathetisthenecessityofattacking；asforinstance；ionseesthatantinuanceofpeacehertodestroyher；andthattoattackthatnationinstantlyistheonlyopreventheroruction
thenceitfollohatpettystateshaveoftenerarighttodeclarehangreatones；becausetheyareoftenerinthecaseofbeingafraidofdestruction
therightofne；thensequenceisdreadful：ustoverspreadtheearth
but；aboveall；lettheotpleadsuateright
itistruethefaofhispoightinent；butitghtbeequallyincreasedbythereputationofhisjustice
3oftherightofnquestfroherightofesthatofnquest；hensequenceofthatright；andoughtthereforetofollosspirit
therightthenquerorhasoveranqueredpeopleisdirectedbyfoursortsoflaakeseverythingtendtothepreservationofthespecies；thelaspoliticalsocieties；ited；and；infine；thelathenatureofthethingitselfnquestisanacquisition；andcarrie**thespiritofprese
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第51节
rvationanduse；notofdestruction
theinhabitantsofanquereduntryaretreatedbythenquerorinoneofthefourfolloaselfonlytheexerent；orhegivestheeent；orhedestroysanddispersesthesoinatesthepeople
thefirstabletothelaoreagreeabletothelaans：inrespeendationstoourderefinentsinreason；religion；philosophy；andnners
theauthorsofourpublisselves；edtofolloisaplaincasethatpleted；thenquerorhasnolongerarighttokill；becausehehasnolongerthepleaofnaturaldefenceandselfpreservation
intothisstakeis；thattheyiginedanquerorhadarighttodestroythestate；enthatposeit：aafalseprinthedestruen；andnotthentheelves；thecitizenyperish；andthenrein
froherightofkillinginthecaseofnquest；politicianshavedrahatofreducingtoslaveryansequenceasillgroundedastheprinciple
thereisnosuayhappensotistobeanecessaryansofpreservation
eveninthatarriages；laityofdisposition；thereoughttobeanendoftheslaveryfortherightsofthenquerorarefoundedentirelyontheoppositionbetutualnfidence
anqueror；therefore；selftheansforansthereareberofrestoringtheotheirliberty
thesearefarfroeingvagueandunbardsansntinueanqueredpeople；butthelaadetheronsandbarbariansfelloizens1
ethesaxons；deprivedtheftheirlibertyandpropertylouisthedebonnairedethefreepeople；2andthisostprudentregulationsduringhiseandservitudehadsoftenedtheiners；andtheyeverafteradheredtohithegreatestfidelity
4soadvantagesofanqueredpeopleinsteadofinferringsuuetisgivetoanqueredpeopleadvantagesoresensiblyandreuniversallyexperiencedionsexactlyfolloablishedineverypartoftheglobe
nquereduntriesare；generallyspeaking；degeneratedfroheiroriginalinstitutionrruptionhastheverynquestitself；ifitdidnotprovedestruingitself；ituenhave；byavarietyofartifiaykeatotalchange；andthenthetyrannyofthoseent
ersoftherevenues；andeasedafterentsnorateprinceeventheabuseshavebeenoftenredressedhoutanyinterpositionofthenqueror
sotisthefrugalityofanqueringnationhasenabledtheoallohenqueredthosenecessariesofheyhadbeendeprivedunderalae
anquestydestroypeiaypresutousetheexpression；thenationunderabettergenius
ightnotthespaniardshavedoothexiparttothebuttheyfilledtheirheadsighthavesetslavesatliberty；theydefreenslavestheyghthaveundenevershouldihavefinished；ighthavedone；andalltheschieftheytted
itisanquerorsbusinesstorepairapartoftheschiefhehasoccasionedtheright；therefore；ofnquestidefihus：anecessary；laanity
5gelon；kingofsyraentionedinhistoryis；inopinion；thatadeofsaannature
the
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第52节
baastiffsacustouppressedbyalexander；phoversuperstition
6ofnquestdebyarepublientonestateshouldkeanynquestoveranother；asinourdaysixednfederaterepubliallextent；thisisnotsoabsurd
ntraryisitalsotothenatureofthingsthatadeansthenquestoughttobelitedtothenuerofocracy
ifadeassubjeandofthenqueredprovinces
hoadehielfsterofroanyrevolutionsinitafterhisdefeat5
hannouldneverhavedissuadedthesenatefroendingsuentthanhisoissohighlyextolledbyaristotleandinedbyotherthansolidreasonstheysthavebeenstupidnottoseethatanaratthedistanceofthreehundredleaguesolossesion
hannospartyinsistedthathannibalshouldbedelivereduptotherons6theyuldnotatthattibeafraidoftherons；theyhereforeapprehensiveofhannibal
itpossible；sotoigihathannibalhadbeensosuccessfulbuthotodoubtituldthecarthaginians；apeoplespreadoveralltheearth；beignorantofransactinginitalyno：theylyacquaintedhit；andforthatreasontheydidnotcaretosendsuppliestohannibal
hannobeenus；afterthatofcann；ithisincredulitythatincreased；buthisfear
7thesasubjeadebydeentiseverodioustothenqueredstatesitisapparentlynaronarchy；astheexperienceofallagesanduntriesevinces
thenqueredpeopleareinalanonarchy
hasbeenheresaidofapopularstateisapplicabletoaristocracy
8thesasubjectntinuedthenatureofitssituationbygivingitgoodlaentofthepeople
nity；7bynedtobodilypunishntinnsequenerytherehavebeenfrequentinstanonrightofallnations
9ofnquestsdebyanaridable；anditsstrengthainentire；onarchies
itoughtnot；therefore；toaitnquestsbeyondthenaturallitsofitsgoventsosoonasithaspassedtheselits；itisprudencetostop
inthiskindofnquestthingsstbeleftastheyeurtsofjudieprivileges：thereoughttobenootheralterationthanthatofthearandofthenaofthesovereign
onarchyhasextendeditslitsbythenquestofneighbouringprovinces；itshouldtreatthoseprovinceshgreatlenity
ifanaresnearegenerallyillusedtheyareo