《The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)》

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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第21部分


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第90节

    frepudiatingtheirhusbandsplutarch24callsthisalaelysevere

    astheathenianlaenangthepritiverons;notulus;itisevidentthatthisinstitutionebroughtfrothens;andedinthelahetables

    thelaberofthereasonsforrepudiationestablishedbyrolus

    thepoent;oratleastansequenontthattheuchstrongerreasonfortheirhavingthepoutualnsent

    thelaayadtassuffiarriage;atualantipathystbestrongerthanthell

    thefolloentionedbydionysiushalietohavetheleastdegreeofprobability:thoughtheyhadatro;saythey;thepouindtoperanrehappythanhielfansgreatlyextendedthelaulusbuttoadeuseofapoethelegislatorsofrotohavelessthantheyandhoethelaanners

    allthatissurprisinginthefaentioned;and”itenjoined;”saysplutarch;34”thatheightthenrepudiateinallcases;iftheyittothepenaltynobodyhaddohisbeforecarviliusruga;35ulus”thatis;sheedseventyoneyearsbeforethelahetendedboththepoion

    theauthorsihavetakeanoathtoputheraightgiveodioustothepeopleustknoperoftheronsbeforebutcarviliushadtakenanoathtothecensors;thatbyreasonofthesterilityofhisishalldisver;intheprosecutionofthisinedintoafact;andtheothershavereuntedaprodigy

    1”hotrriedarriageableateightyearsofage;andarebroughttobedtheyearafter”prideaux;lifeofhotofalgierspregnantatnine;ten;andelevenyearsofagelaugierdetassis;historyofthekingdofalgiers;p61

    2seejoandes;deregnoetteorsuccess;andtheecclesiastichistorians

    3seeleg7d;dejudisetclilis;andnov18;capv

    4inanyliveontensolsanth;theyeatnothingtherebutrientoftheeastindiapany;ii;part1

    5drarbuthnotfindsthatinenglandthenuerofboysexetoncludethatthecaseisthesainallclites

    6seekefer;beringthepeopleofathereales;and223;573feles

    7fatherduhalde;historyofchina;iv;p4

    8albuzeirelhassen;oneofthehotanarabsaprostitutionandindeednothinguldberentrarytotheideasofahotan

    9lleentoftheeastindiapany;i

    10seefranalleaontheastoflabarthisisnsideredasanabuseofthelitaryprofession;asaan;sayspirard;ofthetribeofthebransneverarrynyhusbands

    11thisisthereasonenintheeastaresocarefullyncealed

    12lifeandactionsofjustinian;p403

    13laugierdetassis;historyofthekingdofalgiers

    14seepirard;voyages;12

    15exod;2110;11

    16”itisanadrabletouent;ortohearthey;ustperishorality;aybeseeninduhalde;iii;p151

    17lleentoftheeastindiapany;ii;partii;p196

    18intheldivianislesthefathersrrytheirdaughtersattenandelevenyearsofage;betoendurethe;assoonasagirlistustberried;iftheyentoftheea
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第91节

    stindiapany;p348

    19voyagetoguinea;partii;p192”eetan;theylayholdofhiandthreatentokeaplainttotheirhusbandsifheslighttheiraddressestheystealintoansbed;and;andifherefusestoplyselvestobecaughtinflagranti”

    20hotdesiredhisfolloan;ething;andnfuciuspreachedthesadoctrine

    21itdoesnotfolloittedangstchristians

    22theytookthegainpreferablytoanyother;becauseinthiscasethereravels

    23solis;historyofthenquestofxi;p499

    24rolus

    25thiswasalawofsolon

    26essuassibihaberejussit;exduodeciabuliscausaddiditphilipp;ii69

    27justinianalteredthis;nov117;capx

    28bookii

    29bookii4

    30bookiv3

    31aaxis;andfivehundredandtensuls

    32seethespeechofveturiaindionysiushalicaassus;viii

    33plutarch;rolus

    34ibid

    35indeedsterilityisnotacausentionedbythelaulus:buttoallappearancehesubjecttoanfiscationofhiseffects;sincehefolloheordersofthecensors

    36inhisparisonbetulus

    37bookxxiii;21

    bookxviihoate

    1ofpolitiatethanthatestic;andthisonstrate

    2thedifferenind;patientandintrepid;andqualifiestheorarduousenterprisesthisrerkholdsgood;notonlybeteuntryinthenorthoforeurageousthanthoseinthesouth;andthoseinthesouthofkorea2havelessbraverythanthoseinthenorth

    inaateshasalstalslaves;andthatthebraveryofthoseinldcliteshasenabledtheointaintheirlibertiesthisisaneffectanaturalcause

    thishasalsobeenfoundtrueinaripiresofxiandperuostallthelittlefreenationsill;nearthepoles

    3oftheus”thatthevastntinentofthenorthofasia;fortydegreesorthereaboutstothepole;andfrohefrontiersofsvyeventotheeasteoountainsateofsiberiaissoldthat;exelittlefirsandshrubs;thatthenativesoftheuntryaredividedintotheheightoftheland;andontheotherfroheuntains;southtonorth;arelevelledinsuchannerthatthenorthbiauninhabitable;bloakesitabarrenountainsofnorirablebulthe;inesofsilver;andthelandisfruitfulenough”

    euntriesillet;butthatneitheorriightbeigined;frotssituation;tobeashotasthesouthoffranthenatureofthenitrousearth;fullofsaltpetreandsand;andrepartietriostallthegreatriversofasiahavetheirsourceinthisuntry;thereis;hoaoferthatitcanbeinhabitedonlyneartheriversandlakes”

    thesefaateiediatelytouchuponthose;thatis;turkey;persia;india;china;korea;andjapan

    ineurope;onthentrary;theteeratezoneisveryextensive;thoughsituatedinperatezoneisveryextensive

    hened
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第92节

    iatelyuponthoseinate;andtirous;theonest;therefore;nquer;andtheotherbenqueredineurope;onthentrary;strongnationsareopposedtothestrong;andthoseeuragethisisthegrandreasonofthearkedhenstances

    therussiannobilityhaveindeedbeenredubitionofoneoftheirprinpatieoestablishanaristoentanotherofthenorthekingdohaslostitslaaytrusttotheannerasnevertoberevered

    4thensequenadeintherestofthesouthofthatpartoftheostfrequentlysufferedprodigiousrevolutions

    ineurope;onthentrary;sinagne;andthelastbytheinvasionsofthenosandifthisberightlyexaned;anstaneire;oftheagne;andoftheseveralenterprisesofthenosthedestroyerslydestroyed

    5thatadenquests;theeffeen;thepeopleinthenorthofasianqueredasslaves;andsubduedasothersonlytogratifytheaitionofaster

    thereasonisthatthepeopleoftartary;thenaturalnquerorsofasia;aretheelvesenslavedtheyareinpires:butthatpartofthenationaster;eoverthenquerorsthisisatpresentstnspicuousinthatvastuntrycalledchinesetartary;peror;ostasdespoticasthatofchinaitself;andendsbyhisnquests

    aylikeperors5sentortaleneesofent

    apartofthetartarsselvesexpelled;heyhavecarriedintotheirdesertsthatservilespiritateofslaverythehistoryofchinafuishesushstrongproofsofthisassertion;asdoesalsoourancienthistory6

    henpiresofasiathepeopleinthesearegoveedbytheedthestoutrageousabuse7

    thetartarspireestablishedinthenquereduntriesslaveryanddespotipire;foundednarchyandliberty

    idonotknoousrudbeostallthefreedongstnkind

    joandesthegothanraadethequal;reasonuldnotrendertheependent;exceptotheirhappiness

    6anepires;ineuropetheseuldneversubsistasiahaslargerplains;itisuountainsandseas;andasitliesretothesouth;itsspringsarereeasilydriedup;theuntainsarelessveredrentractedbarriers8

    poakeadivisioninnsistenththenatureoftheuntry

    ineuropethenaturaldivisionfoynationsofaderateextent;inpatibleaintenanceofthestate:onthentrary;itissofavourabletoit;thateapreytoitsneighbours

    itisthisedageniusforlibertythatrenderseverypartextrelydiffierce

    onthentrary;therereignsinasiaaservilespirit;possibletofindinallthehistoriesofthatuntryasinglepassageofspirit;hingtherebuttheexcessofslavery

    7ofafrieservitudearica;9beinglately
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第93节

    destroyedandrepeopledbythenationsofeuropeandafrica;cannoabletoourprinciples

    8ofthepireoneofthensequenostiortanakeaproperpireheayeasilypreservethesouthidonotspeakofparticularcasesinchanicstherearefrictionsbyheeffectsofthetheoryarefrequentlychangedorretarded;andpolicyhasalsoitsfrictions

    1fatherduhalde;i;p112

    2theakentionofthisibid;iv;p448

    3seetravelstothenorth;viii;thehistoryofthetartars;andfatherduhalde;iv

    4tartaryis;then;akindofflatuntain

    5asvoutyv;eerorofthefifthdynasty

    6thescythiansthricenqueredasia;andthricehencejustin;ii3

    7thisisinnoannerofthinkingangthegenationsinrespeentbeasanaffront

    8theselvesorevaporatebeforeoraftertheirstreaareunited

    9thepettybarbarousnationsofariupiresofxiandperu

    bookxviiioflaherelationtheybeartothenatureofthesoil

    1hoen;posetheprinenofragihattheseareaversetonarentsareequal;assoonastheybestoranquillity”

    thusnarentinthoseetisasufficientpensationfortheinnveniencestheysufferbythesterilityoftheland

    thebarrennessoftheattiooniaanaristoesgreeblanent

    plutarent;thoseoftheflat;openuntrydendedagoventposedofthechiefs;andtheyixtureofboth

    2thesasubjeaypreserveenttheyareunder;istheonlyblessingoreinuntainousandruggeduntriesthaninthosestohavestfavoured

    theuntaineerspreservearederategovent;beselveseasily;andareattaorearduous;aredangerous;enterprisetoke;andallthelahatcanbeenactedforthesafetyofthepeoplearethereofleastuse

    3aginarydivisionoftheearth;ostagesdesertsinthestfruitfulparts;andgreatnationsinthosestorefuseeverything

    itisnaturalforapeopletoleaveabadsoiltoseekabetter;andnottoleaveagoodsoiltogoinsearedforhappiness;andasnothingisrenearlyalliedthandesolationandinvasion;thebestprovinostuninhabitable

    orianstellusofthepassageofthepeopleofscandinaviaalongthebanksofthedanubethatthisigrationintodesertuntries

    thesehappyigrations;thoughanynuntsofantiquity;”saysaristotle;3”thatthesardinianserlyveryriedforhisloveofagrientofn;andforbadethecultivationofthelandsonpainofdeath”sardiniaeofaristotle;norisittothisday

    thestteeratepartsofpersia;turkey;svy;andpolandhavenotbeenabletoreverperfectlyfrohedevastationsofthetartars

    4neenindustrious;sober;inuredtohardship;urageous;andfitforinaarkedthatthegetroopsraisedinthoseplaoreseverediscipline

    5oftheinhabitantsofislandstheinhabitantsofislandshaveahigherrelishforlibertythanthoseofthentinentislandsarenlyofsllextent;4onepartofthepeopleployedtooppresstheother;these
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第94节

    aseparatestheroreateires;tyrannyoreeasilypreservetheirownlaws

    6ofuntriesraisedbytheindustryofnthoseuntriesanhasrenderedhabitable;andeindustrytoprovidefortheirsubsistenentthereareprincipallythreeofthisspecies:thet;andholland

    theanbeneaththepire;theseoananditistheinexpressiblefertilityofthesetdestrupiredendedratherthennersofaonarchthanthetyrannicsoderatedinthatuntry;asiterlyinegypt;andasitisnoadetoattendtoherself;andnottobeabandonedtonegligenceorcaprice

    thus;inspiteofthecliteofchina;pire;thefirstlegislatorsofthisuntryakeexcellentlaent

    7ofhunindustrynkindbytheirindustry;andbytheinfluenounttaurus;theysparednoexpenseindiresatthisday;ethither;theyarefoundinthefieldsandgardens

    thus;asdestruoredurablethantheelves;theactionsofanindustriouspeoplearethesourceofblessingsore

    8thegeneralrelationoflaannerinuchlargerextentforanationattachedtotradeandnavigationthanforpeopleuchgreaterforthelatterthanforthoseustbeastillgreaterforthesethanforsuchaslivebyhunting

    9ofthesoilofariberofsavagenationsinarinourishntiftheenaizegroeninastateofpleteabundancebesides;blackcattle;ashrivetherebetterthancaivorousbeaststhelatterhaveala

    ;ibelieve;havealltheseadvantagesineuropeifthelanduncultivated;ithingbesidesforestsofoaksandotherbarrentrees

    10ofpopulationintherelationitbearstothennerofproberofsavagesinoneuntryistothatofhusbandninanother:andhepeopleivatethelandcultivatealsothearts;thisisalsoinsuchproportionsasinutedetail

    theyagreatnationiftheyareherdsnandshepherds;theyhaveneedofanextensiveuntrytofuishsubsistenallnuer;iftheylivebyhunting;theiuerstbestillless;andinordertofindtheansoflifetheystnstituteaverysllnation

    theiruntrynlyaboundsselves;andfor
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