The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第25部分

　　　　itisaknoekindsofrafar；sellforverylittlerethantheystuponthespottheyacuntforitthus：acaptainarble；ifheselfagainerthusitisthathollandhasitsquarriesanditsforests

　　　　further；ityhappensothatnotonlyarployedinbuildingtheships；asalsothoserostprudenthavenoaversiontoit；stane；andevenoflifeandfortune；arencealedfroheirview

　　　　7thespiritofenglandrsofenglandareveryunsettledeasure；ent；eitherbytakingoffpartiposingneeansstilltopreservetheirindependencesuprelyjealousselvesbutlittlebytreaties；anddependonlyontheirownlaws

　　　　otheationshavedetheinterestsofradetheirpolitie；thesethreegreatadvantagesreligion；rce；andliberty

　　　　8iniesrestrainedinseveralkingdolaadeextrelypropertohulethestatesthathaveenteredintoenoportinganyrittedtheotraffinlyinvesselsbuiltinthekingdoodities

　　　　itisneeroreadvantageoustotraderererodities；andkethequiuchbetter；isay；totradehsuchanotionthanhothers；theistantrivals；suchgreatadvantages

　　　　9oftheprohibitionofrtradingetisaschbythegoodstheytake
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　　　　inexustnecessarilybedeceived；foritispetitionerchandise；andestablishestherelationbet

　　　　anufaanner；disposeoftheirtotheadealikentraittoadisadvantageousrce

　　　　10aninstitutionadaptedtoenoientsronaroneyontheoneside；andontheotherpoeansofproentofthiskind；nonebuttheprinceeverhad；orcanhave；atreasure；andesgreatthanitbeesthetreasureoftheprince

　　　　forthesareason；allassoererentsthedesignofthesepaniesistogivetotheentsthisianagentofpartiuerce

　　　　11thesasubjeaybeestablishedinthedonionsofstatesryinthegoventaysoexpressself；thesoulofitsenoustbeoppositetoreason；forituldhavenoothereffectthantoeaseluxuryoftheoftaxesthisselfoftheonlyadvantagethatluxurycanprocure；andoftheonlycurbitutionlikethis；itiscapableofreceiving

　　　　12ofthefreedofrerererceitisinthefreestuntriesthattherchantfindsinnurableobstacles；andheisneverlesscrossedbylahaninauntryofslaves

　　　　englandprohibitstheexportationofherustbebroughtbyseatotheerce

　　　　13rerportationofreexportationandiortation；foundedalsoontheadvantageofthestatehenererce

　　　　thefagoftheerorebythediffialitiesitexaere；hehasnooissioner；eithertoobviateallthediffiers；ortosubttothe

　　　　14thelarerchandisethegnachartaofenglandforbidstheseizingandnfiscating；incaseoferchants；exceptbyadethisoneofthearticlesoftheirliberty

　　　　inthelateerdealaerinionsofspain；andthesapenaltyonthoseerereagainstthestateionofcivilpolity

　　　　15ofseizingthepersonsofradealaegyptithadbeendebybocris；andreneris12

　　　　thislaelygoodrers；frequentlyforaveryshortti；andtopayneyasentsatthetiprefixed；andhenceitbeesnecessarytolayanstraintonhisperson

　　　　inaffairsrelatingtonportanranityandgoodpolicydend

　　　　16anexittanceintothegreatuncil；thechildrenofthose；excepttheyha
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　　　　vedischargedtheirfathersdebtsithasthiseffect：itcreatesanfidenceintherchants；inthegistrates；andinthecityitselftherethecreditoftheindividualhasstillalltheofpubliccredit

　　　　17alapiriongthosepeopleasonuldnotbeexererakethislitation；thatthedebtsntraererchantoughtalstancesandpresentfortune

　　　　18ofthejudgesofrerceodejurisdictionofansul

　　　　theaffairsofralitiestheyaretheaarryrethanonce；deedsandtheonceofage

　　　　plato15saysthatinaberofeuntrydifferentkindsofpeople；itintroduberofntractsandspeciesofh；hvarious

　　　　thusinatradingcitytherearefeorelaws

　　　　19thataprinselfinrperor；”saidhe；”andyoukethesterofagalleybyeansshallthesepoogainalivelihoodifighthaveaddedentsoururtiersple；theyoregreedyandreunjustthanenfidenceinourjustice；theyerousduties；thecauseoftheirs；arecertainproofsofours

　　　　20thesasubjethisruinedtheirsettlentsinthosepartsoftheworld

　　　　thevien；andthercedeclined；bytheperpetualchangeofthosetoitproveit；ortoleaveitentiretohissuccessorinshort；theprofitcentredinafesufficientlyextended

　　　　21oftheronarent；itisntrarytothespiritofrerchants”this；”saidtheeerorshonoriusandtheodosius；17”ovethefacilityofbuyingandsellingbeterchantsandtheplebeians”

　　　　itisntrarytothespiritofnaritthenobilityintorent

　　　　22asingularrefleagihatinfranakelaraybeesotheyhavethehopesofobtainingadegreeofnobility；unattendedanageithsuccess；thensequenceoffortune

　　　　las；ulation18

　　　　letnonesaythateveryoerinhisprofessionchangeitforanother：isaythatapersonhoseorisetoanother

　　　　thepossibilityofpurerselvesioexahejustioneytheprientsaybeveryuseful

　　　　infranbersinadiooreillustrious：theaystillinenting；iftheybeginnotakerooorothers；ple；ayneverbereproandiffortustbeattributednottofortune；edfostancy；buttothegoodnessofitslaws

　　　　23torovableeffeonlypossessedbythenativesthelaoststatesrenderforeignersunprovesthethiskindofriovableeffects；asney；notes；billsofexchange；stocksinpanie
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　　　　s；vessels；and；infine；allrbersthepeopleoreofthesevableeffeostopulentsostateshaveaniensequantityaeakestheuarrelforthevablesoftheetiofalstallitsouercerceinthesecircutancesstnecessarilyleadtheopoverty

　　　　auntrythatnstantlyexportsfeanufaoditiesthanitreceivesepoverty；ithingatall

　　　　intradinguntriesthespecie；nothing

　　　　polandpleithasseofthelordspossessentireprovinen；inordertohavegreaterquantitiesof；andsofluxuryifpolandhadnoforeigntrade；itsinhabitantseburdenso；theyangtheirpeasants；everyonenseexpenseinprovidingoreflourishing；atleastifitdidnotbeebarbarous；andthisthelaighteasilyprevent

　　　　letusnextnsiderjapanthevastquantityoferasiftheiortationandexportationallbesides；thiskindofexuberanption；agreaterquantityofthosethingsonoreneloyed；andrenurousansofaerberofsubjects

　　　　letussay；then；thatitisnotthosenationsustlosebytrade；itisthoseselves；butthoseostinrcialinterurse

　　　　1erarseilles；insodebellogall；vi23

　　　　2holland

　　　　3etquidohospesfuerat；nstratorhospitiideribusgeoru21seecsar；debellogallvi21

　　　　4tit38

　　　　5cicero；derep；iv

　　　　6justin；xliii3

　　　　7fatherduhalde；ii；p170

　　　　8thisestablishedbytheportuguesepirard；voyages；partii；15

　　　　9aeoferediterranean

　　　　10publishedincadizinrch；1740

　　　　11plutarch；againstlendinguponusury；4

　　　　12diodorus；i；partii；79

　　　　13thegreeklegislatorseinpreventingthearandploughofanynfroeingtakeninpledge；andyetperttingthetakingofthenhielfibid

　　　　14hypotiposes；i14

　　　　15laws；viii

　　　　16zonaras

　　　　17leg；nobiliores；dde；legultderescind；vendit

　　　　18thisisaents

　　　　bookxxioflarethintheworld

　　　　1sogeneralnsiderationsthoughrate；yfixitsnatureforever

　　　　erelybyansofthesilveransillionsofsesterces；1andthissilver；asoursisatpresent；erchandise；erchandiseinretu

　　　　itisnatureitselfthatproduanneroflivingourluxuryandsandpertshardlyanythingesfrourstheygoinagreatasurenaked；suenttheyediufvalue；andforthistheygiveusrjustas；astotheirpolianners2theindieshaveeverbeenthesaindiestheyareatpresent；andineveryperiodoftithoseradedhthatuntrycarriedspeciethitherandbroughtnoneinretu

　　　　2ofthepeopleofafrialluntrieseaostuninhabitabletraediatelyfrom
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　　　　thehandofnatureeveryforthingsofnovalue；andreceivingaveryhighpriceinretu

　　　　3thatthethoseofthenorthineuropethereisakindofbalanandsagreatdealtheequilibriusintainedbythelazinessofthesouthenations；andbytheindustryandaeansofsatisfyingallthosenaturethepeopleofthenorth；then；areinaforostallthepeopleofthesouthare；insoasure；inastateofviolence；iftheyarenotslaves

　　　　4theprinodesthetitoti；indifferentsituations；byrthenorthtothesouth；andthedifferenateistheerple；theliquorsofthesouth；areasuresof；isatpresentdeteedbytunsofliquor

　　　　theanediterraneantoanother；andosteongtheelvesasatetherceofeuropeerlylessextendedthanatpresent

　　　　thisdoesnotatallntradiatedestroysallrelationbetheirsandours

　　　　5otherdifferenesdestroyedbynquerors；sotistheplaceserlytobeseenbutdeserts；seas；androcks；andoncereignednohereareonlydeserts

　　　　toseelselvesbypieagihatthisuntryhadever；inthetioftherons；beenfullofentofthesefa；exceptinpliny3andstrabo4

　　　　thehistoryofrunierousdefeats；andthefluxandrefluxofpopulationsanddevastations；hereforhestextraordinaryevents

　　　　6ofthesetreasuresofseras；5selveshadpillagedotherrichnations；asotheationsafter

　　　　theeffeeris；6rcehenestablished

　　　　intheeiresofasiatherereredeshatoftheassyrians

　　　　greatrevolutionshavehappenedinasiathenortheastpartsofpersia；viz；hyrpire；8thatis；theisthsesthecaspianandtheeuxineseas；hcitiesandnations；royed

　　　　eratosthenesandaristobulus9leaedfroatroarepeyndedagainstthridates；theyedthatpeopleindiatotheuntryofthebaouthofedes；andpersianshadnicationostdistantpartsoftheeastand

　　　　anentirestopisnonicationalltheseuntrieshavebeenlaideprivatereasons；havechangeditsurse；anditnoselfinthebarrensands13

　　　　thejaxartes；erlyabarrierbetennerbythetartars；anditnolongeretiesitselfintothesea14

　　　　seleuedtheprojeeruntsthenorthoftheisths；andextendslikets17toes；akingsluices

　　　　itybeiginedthatseleucus；thatis；inthatneckoflandhetanaisapproachesthevolgbutthenorthofthe
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　　　　caspianseathendisvered

　　　　piresofasiaenjoyedtherery；ployedthefirstbookofhisentsontheastsoftheocean18

　　　　inthosetistheirpilotsaysoexpressself；theirpassvoyagesinthetothathepreference

　　　　thelittleknotheavouredthenationsengagedintheenoostignorant

　　　　theegyptiansapeopleannersnicationeanyforeigntradetheyenjoyedafruitfulsoilandgreatplentytheiruntryes；itpossessedeverythinghinitself

　　　　solittlejealousreans；thesyriansandthejeoneloyedinthisnavigationthetyrians；hoseseas19

　　　　josephus20saysthatthisnation；beingentirelyeloyedinagritheyreerce

　　　　itrceofluxury；noecessarytoallthenationsoftheworld

　　　　beforealexander；thepeopleborderingontheredseatradedonlyinthissea；andinthatofafrientafritheindies22

　　　　besides；thisnavigationadeontheeasteastofafrieisanvincingproofthattheydidnotsailtoaverydistantshore

　　　　iaotignorantthatthefleetsofsolonandjehoshaphatretuedonlyeverythreeyears；butidonotseethatthetitakenupinthevoyageisanyproofofthegreatnessofthedistance

　　　　plinyandstraboinforsthatthejunksofindiaandtheredseaingavoyageanvesselplishinseven23inthisproportion；avoyageofoneyear；debythefleetsofgreee；edbythoseofsolonttheirvoyageinatiproportionatetotheirsesneent；anydaysforanotherchange

　　　　thesloans；ybeexplainedbyodenavigationtheindianvessels；e；hiron

　　　　ayparetheseindianvesselstothoseatpresentdeuseofinportsoflittledepthof；edtosinkdeepintotheeuofthehelthepro；andnsequentlydrabutallvariationfrohepointoppositetotheedvesselsarelongerinperfogvoyages

　　　　1theyloseeee；isay；ustthathavebeeninthenavigationoftheancients

　　　　ians；ifaufoulpestthatallvesselakealargeonerollthereonebodysurpassesanotherinsize；thereitssurfaceisrelativelysllparedaketheustbefourhundred；andthatofavesselfourhundredtonsoferwohundred
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　　　　tonsthusthelargenessofthefirstshipalleras8to6；thesurfauall

　　　　7oftheraritidonionextendednofartherthanroundhisoeagreatpeople；theatheniansobtainedtherealdonionofthesebeonare；27andhuledtheritipoheisleofcyprus；andphoenicia

　　　　butthisathenianlordshipoftheseadeservestoberepartiieseislandthepopulaetobeoutofalldangerofbeingannoyed”oneagihatxenophonwasspeakingofengland

　　　　theathenians；apeoplebitiousprojearitieirethantoenjoyit；entnpeopledistributedthepubliselves；rines；froheltitudeoftheirslaves；frohenueroftheirsean；froheirinfluentheexcellentinstitutionsofsolontheirtradeostogreeceandtotheeuxinesea；heydreheirsubsistence

　　　　rinthirablysituated；itseparatedtportanerinaryittoing

　　　　itseethatinhorstitheopulenenus；”jupiter；”hesays；”lovedtherhod