《The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)》

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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第30部分


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    16pliny;naturalhistory;xxxiii;art13

    17ibid

    18theyreceivedtenouncesofpperforty

    19theyreceivedsixteenouncesofpperforty

    20pliny;xxxiii;art5

    21freinsheus;dec2;v

    22ibidtheystrueauthor;halfdenarii;calledquinarii;andquarters;calledsesterces

    23aneighth;acrdingtobudus;acrdingtootherauthors;aseventh

    24pliny;naturalhistory;xxxiii;art13

    25ibid

    26seefatherjoubert;sedals;p59;paris;1739

    27extractofvirtuesandvices

    28seesavote;partii;12;andlejoualdessavantsofthe28thofjuly;1681;onadisveryoffiftythousanddals

    29seesavote;ibid

    30ibid

    31chapter21

    32england

    33erchandise

    34tacitus;annals;vi16

    35usuryandinterestangtheronssignifiedthesathing

    36seedionysiushalicaass
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    us;sowell

    37usursesses;trientes;quadrantesseetheseveraltitlesofthedigestsanddesonusury;andespeciallyleg17;hthenote;ffdeusuris

    38seeappiussspeechonthissubject;indionysiushalicaassus;v

    39annals;vi16

    40intheyearofro388livy;vi25

    41unciariausuraibid;vii16

    42annals;vi16

    43underthensulateoflnliustorquatusandcplautius;acrdingtolivy;vii27thisisthelaentionedbytacitus;annals;vi

    44seunciariausura

    45astacitussaysannals;vi

    46thislagenucius;tribuneofthepeoplelivy;vii;toheend

    47verterijaorefoenusrecepturatappianonthecivilwar;i

    48persiteoslegibusagereibid;andtheepitooflivy;lxiv

    49intheyearofro663

    50bookxi19

    51letterstoatticus;v21

    52livy;xxxv7

    53ibid

    54intheyear561ofroseelivy;xxv7

    55annals;vi16

    56intheyear615ofro

    57seeletterstoatticus;iv15;16

    58ibid;vii

    59poeyhavinglent600talentstokingariobarzanes;dethatprincepayhihirtyattictalentseverythirtydaysibid;v21;vi1

    60utnequesalaniis;nequecuieisdedisset;fraudiessetibid

    61onth;ersoftherepubliefixed;heaentionedinthebondibid;vi1

    62see;tofixtherateofinterestatonepereletter

    63leg12;ffdeverbsignif

    bookxxiiioflaberofinhabitants

    1ofnandanilsultiplicationoftheirspecies

    delightofhunkind;1andgodsabove;parentofro;propitiousqueenoflove;

    foread;andaneingbuds;andcheerfulgreensappear;andefirstexpress;ove;andscattersthougostthekindlyseedsoflove

    thefelesofbruteshaveanalstnstantfeour;theerousfaly;obstructpropagationinathousanddifferentways

    2ofrriagethenaturalobligationofthefathertoprovideforhisponiusla3hadnootherbutbyreselance

    angarriage;havefixedthisduty;becausetheyfindinhihenthey4

    angbrutesthisisanobligationother;butitisongntheir:theyselves

    illiains;findsathousandobstae;rerse;thenstraintofhersex;andtherigouroflaeans

    enittedtopublicprostitutioncannothavethenvenienceofeducatingtheirchildren:thetroubleofeducationisinpatiblethelaw

    itfolloallthisthatpublitinenceisnaturallynnectedhthepropagationofthespecies

    3ofthenditionofchildrenitisadictateofreasonthatarriage;childrenshouldfollootheronly5

    4offaliesitisalsteveryfortheilyofthehusbandthentraryisosa;6ilyofthewife

    thislailyinasuesex;greatlyntributes;independentlyofthefirsttives;tothepropagationofthehunspeanperpetuateitisneversatisfiedifhehasnotthoseperpetual

    nas;enaelypropertoinspireeveryfalyongnasdistinguishfalies:thereareotherseadvantageastheforr

    5oftheseveralordersoflaetisestablishnykindsofongthehotans;aredistinguishedbybeingbointhehouse;byother;andthesubsequentacknoentofthefather

    itatisetheandsthatthegiftsoftheeerorshouldnotbetoochdivided;becausetheysubjecttheoakindofservice;likethatofourancientfiefs

    thereareuntriesehonoursinafalyasinourpartoftheedtobelongtothefirstorpr
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    inouing;arenotduetothenaturalther;buttoherappointedbythelaw

    byansofthisfiustbensideredasanaesinatethetherandthechild

    6ofbastardsindifferentgoventstheyhavethereforenosuarkofinfauponncubinage;andnsequentlytheyatisingtheissueofsuchunlaions

    inrepublioredegradedthaninnarchies

    thelaadeagainstthetroarrying;andasrriagesissiontorepudiateorkeadivorerruptionofnnersuldleadtheoncubinage

    itisobservablethatasthequalityofaent;arriagethantothepartietisadttedbastardsintothenuerofightpossessagreatershareofthesenttheythekingofegyptinfine;aristotleinforusthatinnycitiesberofcitizens;theirbastardssucceededtotheirpossessions;andthatber;theydidnotinherit9

    7ofthefathersnsenttorriagethensentoffathersisfoundedontheirauthority;thatis;ontherightofpropertyitisalsofoundedontheirlove;ontheirreason;andontheuncertaintyofthatoftheirchildren;youthnfinesinastateofignoranceandpassioninastateofebriety

    inthesllrepublientioned;theyghthavelaagistratesthatrightofinspearriagesoftheagistrates:thisthelaagistratesperford

    butinninstitutions;fathershavethedisposaloftheirenttheelvesintheseveraldegreesofprogeniture;theyseetheelvesinsensiblyadvanrtalitybutustbedone;ifoppressionandavaricearisetosuchaheightastousurpalltheauthorityoffathersletushearasgagesaysinregardtothenductofthespaniardsintheindies10

    ”aberofthesonsanddaughtersthatarerriageable;thefatherstributeisraisedandineofrriageappointedfortheindiansisatfourteenyearsforthen;andthirteenforthean;allegingthattheyaresoonerripeforthefruitofaliestheyforarrybedandstronginbody;explainingapointofoneofthe”

    hesaostshafulaffairthusinanactionostfree;theindiansarethegreatestslaves

    8thesasubjeapttoigine;retoleratedtherethananyansiderationthatasthelaonastiarriage;andthistheyoreagreeableinthislighttheustbelessrational;nventsarethereestablished;andyettheyyrryhoutthensentoftheirfathers

    9ofyoungenyoungenarriagealoolibertyandpleasure;indselvessilly;ndeedissiontotriflesandpreontorriage:itistheyoungnthattobeenuraged

    10inesrriageodiously;theretheyenterintorriagenaturehasasufficientpropensitytoit;rainedbythedifficultyofsubsistence

    arisingpeopleincreaseandltiplyextrelythisis;becauseitanychildrenthentraryofed

    11oftheseverityofgoventnanytheirbeingintheultiplyinariselvestheburdenbutnent;who
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第137节

    regardtheirfieldslessasthesouren;isay;havefeselveshohencantheythinkofdividingittheyareunabletotakecareoftheiroheyaresickhohencantheyattendtothesofcreaturesinualsickness

    itispretendedbysoinedthatthegreaterthepovertyofthesubjeeroustheirfalies:thattheretheyareloadedoreindustriouslytheyendeavourtoputtheelvesinastationin:ts;onarchies

    theseverityofgoventybeeastokethenaturalsentintsdestruentstheelveseriastersbeenlesscruel11

    12ofthenueroflesandfelesindifferentuntriesihavealreadyobservedthatthereareboineuroperatherreboysthangirls12ithasbeenrerkedthatinjapanthereareboratherregirlsthanboys:13allthingspared;therestberefruitfuleninjapanthanineurope;andnsequentlyitstberepopulous

    edthatatbantaherearetengirlstooneboy14adisproportionlikethisstiliestheretobetothenuerofthoseofotheraybeily

    13ofseaporttoenexposetheelvestoathousanddangers;andgoabroadtoliveordieindistantthegreatereaseeansofsubsistenorepropertofuishthattteraybeoneoftheberofpeopleinjapan15andustbentrarytothespiritofthelegislatorhielf

    14oftheproduenpasturelandsarebutlittlepeopled;beentonlyforafeployagreatnyn;andvineyardsinfinitelyre

    ithasbeenafrequentplaintinengland18thattheininishedtheinhabitants;andithasbeenobservedinfranberofvineyardsisoneofthegreatultitudeofpeople

    thoseuntrieseoaybecultivated

    inuntriesproduenstthereforebeeloyedbesides;thereislesslandrequiredtofuishsubsistenilythaninthoseployedinraisingan;andthelabouredbyedbyn;sothattheananiensenufacture

    15ofthenuerofinhabitantsaybeextrelythecultivationofhislandeallthefruitsoftheearththusiterepublics

    inourpresentsituation;inue;ifthearts;therefore;shouldbenegleindedbutagriaybensudbythelabourerandtheartifiutheartificer

    theoderatepriakerandthebuyer;thoseple;or;inotherinishthenuerofen;illssousefulasispretended;beploynt;avastnuerofpersonsoftheuseofer;andgreatpartofthelandofitsfertility

    16thenberofstaistheultiply;andaredestroyedbyfane:thisistheeeeffeentsonthetesychosis20

    forthesareason;thereligionoftheisleofforsadoesnotsuffertheentobringtheirchildrenintotheilltheyarethirtyfiveyearsofage:21thepriestess;beforethisage;bybruisingthebellyprocuresabortion

    17ofgreebitionthanthoseofsanyhaveatthisdayineveryrepublicthelegislatorhadinvie
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    e;andtheirpoentofasllterritoryandgreathappiness;itberoftheethisobligedthencessantlytosendoutlonies;23and;asthesenouttoultiplicationofchildren

    theyhadangtheepublien;thattheirslavesghtbeabletofuishthexinourdays;thatitisneitthenuerofregulartroops:nooniansyintainedbythepeasants:ityshouldbelited;en;ber;andthelabourersbeoverloaded

    thepolitiberofatfivethousandandforty;24andhestoporenuragepropagation;asostnvenient;byhonours;sha;andtheadvien;heberofrriagesinsuchannerthattherepublicghtberecruitedhoutbeingovercharged25

    ifthelaberofthosebroughtforthoughttobelited26iftheyhaverethanthenuerpresed27

    thesaauthotionstheinfausansdeuseofbytheberofchildrenaproceedingtooindecenttorepeat

    thereareplaberofpeoplethisprivilege;theyreceivethentotheiation

    sirpetty;inhisaninenglandisanishnothing;thereareothershlessthannothing

    18ofthestateandnuerofpeoplebeforetheronsitaly;sianyestateasgreeallnationsthataboundedber

    19ofthedepopulationoftheglobealltheselittlerepublicsedepopulated:inordertobenvincedofthis;ans

    ”youe;”sayslivy;30”usthavebeenforrlyaninfinitenuerofpeopleinthoseuntries;anslaves”

    ”theoras”

    ”ishallnotdespinthehousestheyhaveabandoned”hecauseofthisinpolybius;ilius;afterhisvictory;destroyedseventycitiesofepirus;andcarriedaythousandslaves

    20thattheronsakinglaans;bydestroyingothers;selvesdestroyed:inostviolentattets;theylikeanstantlyinuse

    ishallnotherespeakoftheattentionselvestoproofthosetheylost;32oftheassoensenurseryofen;andastheseinationoftheiduatterofindifference

    21ofthelaansrelatingtothepropagationofthespearriagethesenateandthepeopledefrequentregulationsonthissubject;asaugustussaysinhisspeechrelatedbydio33

    dionysiushaliinatedbytheveientes;therereinednoreofthisfalythanonesinglechild;becausetheancientlaarryandtoeducateallhischildren;illinforce35

    independentlyofthelaarriages;andatoitbyshaandbypunishnts36

    therruptionofnnersthatbegantotakeplacentributedvastlytodisgustthecitizensarriage;idicus;adetothepeople:37”ifitthisevil:butasnaturehasordainedthat;norsubsist;oreregardtoouroionthantotransientgratifications”

    therruptionofnnersdestroyedthecensorship;anners:foregeneral;thecensorlosthispower38

    orethananyunrriedtoredythislastevil;csarandaugustusreestablishedthecensorship;andselves40csargavereanychildren41allenunderfortyfiveyearsofageherhusbandnorchildrenoorideinlitters;4
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    2anexposednearried;44andincreasedtherearriedandofthoseadebythesenate;thepeople;andthecensors

    thelaeterableobstaadetheronknightsinsistedonitsbeingabolished46heplaanner:47

    ”eofthisstateifrriagesarenolongetraenlikethosentionedinfablestartingoutoftheearthtotakepleofthevestalvirginsifyoupreservenotthelayouareequallybadcitizens;plehasaninfluenceontherestoftheenexposelifeitself;andyettheseengageyoutotakeahildren”

    hedealae;juliaandpapiapoppa;frohenasofthensulsforpartofthatyear48thegreatnessoftheevilappearedeveninthe
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