The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第4部分

　　　　alluntrieshavealaselves；thoughtheydevourtheirprisoners：fortheysendandreceiveaassadors；andunderstandtherightsofischiefisthattheirlaionsisnotfoundedontrueprinciples

　　　　besidesthelaofgovent”theunitedstrengthofindividuals；”asgravina4ituteshebodypolitic”

　　　　thegeneralstrengthybeinthehandsofasingleperson；orofnysothinkthatnaturehavingestablishedpatealauthority；thestnaturalgoventpleofpatealauthorityprovesnothingforifthepoent；thatofbrothersafterthedeathofafather；andthatofusinsgeafterthedeentofnythepolitiilies

　　　　betterisittosay；thatthegoventstnforbletonatureisthatouranddispositionofthepeopleinisestablished

　　　　thestrengthofindividualscannotbeunitedhoutanjunctionofalltheirionofthoselyobserves；”ishecivilstate”

　　　　laanreason；inaschasitgovesalltheinhabitantsoftheearth：thepoliticalandcivillaanreasonisapplied

　　　　theyshouldbeadaptedinsuedthatitshouldbeagreatchanceifthoseofonenationsuitanother

　　　　theyshouldbeinrelationtothenatureandprinent；it；asybesaidofpoliticlahertheysupportit；asinthecaseofcivilinstitutions

　　　　theyshouldbeinrelationtotheen；orshepherds：theyshouldhaverelationtothedegreeoflibertybers；rce；nners；andcustoinfine；theyhaverelationstoeachother；asalsototheirorigin；totheintentofthelegislator；andtotheorderofthingsonheyareestablished；inalloflightstheyoughttobensidered

　　　　thisisinthefolloine；sinceallthesetogethestituteicallthespiritoflaws

　　　　ihavenotseparatedthepolitiuchbusinesstofollohenaturalorderoflahatoftheserelationsandobjects

　　　　ishallfirstexaherelationsent；andasthisprinystudytounderstanditthoroughly：andificanbutonceestabli**；thelatheirsourceishallproceedafteroreparticularrelations

　　　　1”laortalandiortalbeings”seehistreatise；adisursetoanunleaedprince

　　　　2nessthesavagefoundintheforestsofhanover；oenglandduringthereignofgeorgei

　　　　3inpref；decive

　　　　4italianpoetandjurist；16641718

　　　　bookiioflathenatureofgovent

　　　　1ofthenatureofthethreedifferentgoventstherearethreespeent：republionnotion；entisthatinepoonarchy；thatinent；thatinseverythingbyhisoaprice

　　　　thisisent；ustnotothisnature；andnsequentlyarethefundantalinstitutions

　　　　2oftherepublient；andthelaocracy1epoocracyepohehandsofapartofthepeople；itisthenanaristocracy

　　　　inadeerespectsthesovereign；andinothersthesubject

　　　　thereentandindeeditisasiortanttoregulateinarepublic；inanner；by；to；andnceingonarchytoknoannerheoughttogove

　　　　libanius2saysthatatathensastrangereddledintheasseliesofthepeopleanusurpedtherightsofsovereignty

　　　　itisanessentialpointtofixthenuerofthee；doodtoexperiene；etisallherinhabitantsetisallitalyandansiderablepartofthe；ro；isay；neverf
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第12节

　　　　ixedthenuer3andthisheprincipalcausesofherruin

　　　　thepeople；inthesuprepoanagentofeverythingustbenductedbytheiisters

　　　　buttheyinisters；inatingtheitis；therefore；afundantalxinthisgovent；thatthepeopleshouldinistersthatis；theirgistrates

　　　　theyhaveooreso；tobedireeers；adebytheelves；asatathens；orbysogistratedeputedforthatpurpose；asone

　　　　thepeopleareextrelytheyaretoentrustinedbythingstoanybattles；andbeenthananarprovingtheopportunityandcriticalntofactionno；thissurpassestheirabilities

　　　　shouldentofrit；adebytheatheniansandrons；tributetohazard

　　　　edtherightofraisingplebeianstopubliffionpeoplepetitionedforeloyntshertheirsecurityortheirglory

　　　　asstinistration；areininistrationtheelves

　　　　thepublietisstheyovertuallbeforetheandsotishahundredthousandfeettheycreeplikeinsects

　　　　inapopularstatetheinhabitantsaredividedintoakingthisdivisionthatgreatlegislatorshavesignalisedtheelves；anditisonthisthedurationandprosperityofdecracyhaveeverdepended

　　　　serviustulliusfolloannerhelodgedtherightofsuffrageinthehandsoftheprineinto193iddlingerous；inthenext；heflungtheindigentltitudeintothelast；andaseachcenturyhadbutonevote7itbersthatdecidedtheelection

　　　　solondividedthepeopleofathensintofoureaagistratesheorderedtobechosenonlyoutofthefirstthree；nsistingofpersonsofeasyfortunes9

　　　　asthedivisionofthoseentallaannerofgivingthissuffrageisanotherfundantal

　　　　thesuffragebylotisnaturaltodecracy；asthatbychoiceistoaristocracy10

　　　　thesuffragebylotisathodofeleateseachcitizenhthepleasinghopeofservinghisuntry

　　　　yetasthisthodisinitselfdefeostenentlegislatorstoregulateandandit

　　　　solondealailitaryeloyntsshouldbenferredbychoice；butthatsenatorsandjudgesshouldbeelectedbylot

　　　　thesalegislatorordainedthatcivilgistracies；attendedhgreatexpense；shouldbegivenbychoice；andtheothersbylot

　　　　inorder；hoendthesuffragebylot；hedearulethatnonebutthoseselvesshouldbeeleinedbyjudges11andthateveryoneshouldhavearighttoaagistraentinregardtotheiduusthavebeenextrelybackestobedra

　　　　thelainesthennerofgivingsuffrageislikeentalinadeeiortancesecrettoythoughtsnceingthissubject

　　　　thepeoplessuffragesoughtdoubtlesstobepublientallaoanrepublic；allocracythesenate17asthebusinessisthenonlytopreventintrigues；thesuffragescannotbetoosecret

　　　　intriguinginasenateisdangerous；itisdangerousalsoinabodyofnobles；butnotsoangthepeople；ent；aschinfladonacuntofanactorasevertheyuldbefortheisfortuneofarep
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第13节

　　　　ublientandeverythingbelongingtoit；theyquietlyfortheirhire

　　　　itislikeentallaoetrialofalaeandathenseperpetualtilltheyifiedbythensentofthepeople

　　　　3ofthelaepoberofpersonstheseareinvestedboth；thesaasthesubjeonarchyinregardtothesovereign

　　　　theydonotvoteherebylot；forthisentostrtifyingdistinagistrate

　　　　erous；therestbeasenatetoregulatetheaffairsaybesaidthatthearistoeasureinthesenate；thedecracyinthebodyofthenobles；andthepeopleareacipher

　　　　iteasure；uldberaisedfroheirstateofannihilationthusatgenoa；thebankofstgeorgebeingadnisteredbythepeople19givestheent；heiryisderived

　　　　thesenatorsoughtbynoanstohavetherightofnangtheiroeers；forthise；eersinatedbythecensors20

　　　　inarepubliethingrethannarentchecksthenarch：butinarepublic；uchgreater；becausethelait

　　　　thereisanexediateneedofagistrateinvestedeidablegistrates；esitthatthesegistraainsofheraristoaintainheraristoidate；andnottopunish；theltitudeitepartiitedauthority；asheesuddenergenanentgistraesybesetonfoot；ntinued；suspended；andresud；thattheaitionofasinglepersonbeesthatofafaly；andtheaitionofonefalythatofnytheyhaveoagistraedyknoes；erusedratheaesthatwereopenlyavowed

　　　　inallgistraostlegislatorshavefixedtoayear；alongerspaentevenofhisdostionth；theotheroffiidablepoighteasilyrruptsuchpettyandinsignificantgistrates

　　　　thebestaristoethodthebestaristoastoexcludeveryfeoneofanyrankosiderationinthecity

　　　　aristouselvesinappearanooreisitierfect

　　　　butthestierfeand；asthearistocracyofpoland；hepeasantsareslavestothenobility

　　　　4oftherelationoflaenttheinterdiate；subordinate；anddependentpoonarent；ianofthatinentallaediate；subordinate；anddependentpoonarentaryandcapriciousentallaw

　　　　thestnatural；interdiate；andsubordinatepoeasureseetobeessentialtoanarchy；ental
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第14节

　　　　xis：nonaronarch；butthereybeadespoticprince

　　　　thereareneuntriesineuropetosuppressthejurisdionarchy；andyouent

　　　　theurtsofansiderablekingdoneuropehave；foyages；beenstrikingatthepatrinialjurisdiifroeingprejudiitstiierialhavebeenprescribedtohisauthority

　　　　thoughtheeonaritiestohunnature；theveryevilthatrestrainsitisbeneficialtothesubject

　　　　inthesannerastheoallestobstacles；andsuffertheiaturalpridetobesubduedbysupplicationandprayer

　　　　theenglish；tofavourtheirliberty；haveabolishedalltheinterdiatepoonarchyposedtheyhaveagreatdealofreasontobejealousofthisliberty；ostservilenationsuponearth

　　　　laonarunitiesheonarchybyhischiricalreiursents；andseedasifheeventhenstitution

　　　　itisnotenoughtohaveinterdiatepoonarent；requirethatthereshouldbeabodyinvestedontaryentallaanentnourous；neitherhasitasuffirightindiffitoproperobedience

　　　　despotients；entallausakindofpeentdepositary；andifthisayofthecustothatarerespectedinsteadoflaws

　　　　5ofthelaentfrohenatureofdespotianhissensesntinuallyinforhathehielfiseverythingandthathissubjeanagentofpubliany；thereongtheeatoresignittoavizir；26andtoinvesthiposelftheentallaent

　　　　itisrelatedofapopethathehadstartedaninfinitenuerofdiffiathoroughnviaybesaidoftheprinostbrutalpassions；pursuing；inthedstofaprostitutedurt；everyatterssoeasy

　　　　thereextensivetheeire；thelargertheseraglio；andnsequentlytherevoluptuoustheprinent；thereiortanthisaffairs；thelesshekesthehesubjectofhisdeliberations

　　　　1parearistotle；politics；vi2

　　　　2declations；17；18

　　　　3seethensiderationsontheans；9

　　　　4pp691；693；edhel；1596

　　　　5bki

　　　　6bkiv；art15etseq

　　　　7seeinthensiderationsontheans；9；hohisspiritofserviustulliusherepublic

　　　　8dionysiushaliofisocrates；ii；p97；ed130

　　　　9seearistotlespolitics；ii12

　　　　10ibid；iv9

　　　　11seetheorationofdesthenes；defalsalegat；andtheorationagainsttirchus

　　　　12theyusedeventodraedthepersonosucceed；incasethefirstw
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第15节

　　　　asrejected

　　　　13deleg；i；iii

　　　　14theyarkedhana；forantique；oriforbidit；andtheotherhanuandanr；forutirogas；orbeitasyoudesire

　　　　15atathensthepeopleusedtoliftuptheirhands

　　　　16asatvenice

　　　　17thethirtytyrantsatathensorderedthesuffragesoftheareopagitestobepublianagethestheypleasedlysias；oratntraagorat8

　　　　18seedionysiushalicaassus；iv；ix

　　　　19seeaddison；travelstoitaly；p16

　　　　20theyedatfirstbythensuls

　　　　21thisiseseensiderationsontheans；14；16

　　　　22touefort；voyages

　　　　23atluccathegistratesarechosenonlyfortonths

　　　　24diodorus；xviii；p601；edrhodon

　　　　25ferdinand；kingofaragon；dehielfgrandsteroftheorders；andthatalonechangedthenstitution

　　　　26theeastekingsareneverhoutvizirs；sayssirjohnchardin

　　　　bookiiioftheprinent

　　　　1differencebetenthavingexanedthelaent；ustinvestigatethoseetoitsprinciple

　　　　thereisthisdiffereneristhatbyadetoaanpassionsotion

　　　　noentust；therefore；inquireintothisprinciple；hesubjectofthisthirdbook

　　　　2oftheprinentsihavealreadyobservedthatitisthenatureofarepublientthateitherthelleilies；shouldbepossessedofthesuprepoonarchy；thattheprinceshouldhavethispoent；thatasinglepersonshouldruleacrdingtohisoetodisvertheirthreeprinciples；ent；andinparticularocracy

　　　　3oftheprinoonarenttheforaintaintheoreisnecessary；naly；virtue

　　　　edbytheunaniustestinyofhistorians；andisextrelyagreeabletothenatureofthingsforitisandstheexe；thereislessneedofvirtuethaninapopulargovent；hepersonentrustedhtheexecutionofthelatotheirdirection

　　　　onarchayeasilyrepairtheevil；hehasonlytofolloent；thereisasuspensionofthelatherruptionoftherepublic；thestateiscertainlyundone

　　　　averydrollspeoostdaringoftheirers；2astheprevailingpartiesatedbythespiritoffaentazedatsonyrevolutions；invainattetedtoerectanostviolentshocks；theyentheyhadsoonlyproscribed

　　　　etoherliberty；thisunhappyherlethargybyitian；sherivetedeverydayherchains；ifshestrucksoblothetyrant；notatthetyranny

　　　　thepolitierce；finances；opulence；andluxury

　　　　bitioninvadesthendsofthosenitytheobjeaster；thataxifequityheonyofprivatepersonstheersofthenany

　　　　athensenuerofforberedtheasslavesaretoldbytheheadinarketplaeayseeindestheneshoyofherliberty；butofherpleasures6thisfauscity；anydefeats；andhavingbeensooftendestroyedhadasoftenrisenoutofherashes；enitphovertheforcesofathensasithadbeendifficulttosubduehervirtue

　　　　hoaintainhergroundadeprtor；endeavouredtohinderthegis
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第16节

　　　　tratesfrolunderingtherepublitotheronsnexttosurrenderthe