《The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)》

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The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第43部分


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ledunts;orpanions;becausetheysharedthejusticiaryfinesesthedutyofavassaltos124andtotryhispeersinhisurt

    oneofthereasonsyexaen;andingeneral;incertainjudiciaryprofits;ofreathereafter

    thelordshadtherightofadnisteringjustiesaleplan;andbythesaprinciplesinaheuntsintheiruntieshelordsintheirseignioriess

    ithasbeenastaketonsidertheuntsasilitaryndersbothilitaryofficers:125the;thoughthere;asfredegarius126

    itagined;perhaps;thatthegoventofthefrankssthavebeenverysevereatthatti;sin

    butustnotbelievethattheuntspronouncedjudgntbytheelves;andadnisteredjusticeinthesannerasthebashabledakindofassizes;enappeared

    totheendaythoroughlyunderstandulas;inthelae;thatthejudges;therathiurghers;andthealdeepersonsunderdifferentnastheseber;andasheberen128

    buttheforestsofgey;edane

    onsopublieanors130

    19ofpositionsangthebarbarousnationssinannations;ishall;therefore;pausehereaannersandlaws

    itappearsbytaongthatpeopleanhadinjuredanother;therelativesofthepersoninjuredtookshareinthequarrel;andtheoffenon;orifbythede

    inthennetionedbytautualagreentoftheparties;henceinthedesofthebarbarousnationsthesesatisfactionsarecalledpositions

    thelailyatvariantotheirrevengetilltheyhadobtainedsatisfaittedandasbeforethattistriorselofbread;ortoreceivehindertheirroofs;suchaperson;inastateofsavagerytillanendposition

    thisexcepted;iningbytheelvesthetu
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第198节

    alagreentofthepartiestheytookirablyexaselfandedinldblood

    bytheestablishingofthoselaannationsquittedthatstateofnatureinedtohavelivedintacitusti

    rotharisdebards;froverypoorpeoplehadgropositionshadbeefrivolous;andrencilentspreventedidonotquestionbutthisotiveakethedifferentdesoflaant

    theprinurderofanadeling;tan;andthirtyforkillingabondnthelargenessthereforeofthepositionforthelifeofanadeofhisperson;itlikeongrudeandboisterousnations

    thisadesensibleofbythelaesofthebavarianfaliesposition;becausetheyaryily;thesehadaquadruplepositionthepositionforadukeexceededbyathirdthatthantohisrelatives”

    allthesepositionsoneybutasthosepeople;espes;dogs;hatohavesuentsoney141

    theselaployedinexaightknoore

    inthislightitiseasytonceivethatapersonethisntainedapublicasptofthelaehelegislatorsneverfailedtopunish142

    thereeethingoftheirspiritofindependenans;pelledtopositions

    ihavejustnoadentionofatextofthesaliitted145itpilersofthesaliclaeddlehtheancientusage

    itpositiontotherelativesofarobberkilledintheact;ortotherelativesofaaneofadulterythelapositionsinthelikecases;butpunishedtherelativesrevenge146

    itisnorarethingtoetpositionsforinvoluntaryaittedtopursuetheirrevenge

    adeaveryposition;andthejudge148otiveofthislaw

    20ofpositionurdersorinjuries;they149iintendtotreatofitatlarge;andinordertogiveanideaofit;ibeginpensefortheprotectiongrantedagainsttherightofvengeanceeventothisday;fredinthese

    theadnistrationofjustiittedanoffen:insoans;ntrarytotheprainalagainstthepartyinjured

    thedesofthebarbarianlaightbedendedanbyaankilled;;beadebyn;theinstruntortheedfortheiroandthefredu

    inlikenner;wh
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第199节

    enabeasthappenedtokillan;thesalaposition;becausetherelativesofthedeceasedoffended152

    infine;ittte**ultbeforetheageoftposition:ashes;heuldnotbeinthecaseinandsatisfaction

    itinalthatpaidthefreduorthepeahunsociety

    thisfreduodendithielf:itordainedthatthepartyightbealastingpeace;saysthelaongtheripuarians

    thegreatnessofthefreduorthekingsprotectionerthanedfortheprotectionoftheunt;oroftheotherjudges156

    hereiseetheoriginofthejurisdiavastnuerofrerdsihavealreadyprovedthatthekingsraisednotaxesonthelandsbelongingtothedivisionofthefranks;selvesanydutiesonthefiefsthosehadinthisrespeent;reapingeverypossibleeluntfroheandasoneofthestnsiderableeluntspositionsdetotherelatives;andoftheprofitsaentofthepositionsofthelaandingthelegalfinesulariesntainingnfirtionoftheperpetuityofafiefinfavourofafeudallord;158oroftheprivilegesoffiefsinfavourofentioningaprohibitiontothekingsjudgesoroffioluntakeanydendinadistriefunctionsashadbeenexercisedbeforebythejudges

    thekingsjudgesareforbiddenalsotoobligethepartiestogivese;itbelongedthereforetothepersonandthisseissariesshallnotinsistuponbeingacdatedhalodging;ineffect;theynolongerexercisedanyfunctioninthosedistricts

    theadnistrationthereforeofjustiarose;thatjurisdionialinfrance

    sohavethoughtthatthejurisdithenussionsdebythekingsandlordsinfavouroftheirbondnbutthegenations;andthosedes;arenottheonlypeopleanuttedtheirbondn;andyettheyaretheonlypeoplethatestablishedpatrinialjurisdiares:thebondnhereforesubjecttothejurisdiction;becausetheyheterritory;andtheydidnotgiverisetothefiefsforhavingbeenannexedtothefief

    othershavetakenashortergeytheonlypeopleintheedbyhistorythatseveralotheationshaveenans

    usthavebeenthestartfulpeopleintheusthaverobbedandplundered;notafterthennerofalitarynation;butastheuntryjustiedageneralsystefpoliti;andinsonyotheruntriesineurope;loyseaukestheeasonashehielfreasonedinhiscloset

    oncere;ifthejurisdictioney163

    21oftheterritorialjurisdieinthedesnesofthoseitaseignioryeprivilegesasifithadbeengrantedtoavassal;iteserviceasitan;acrdingtowehavealreadyobserved

    theandingthepayntofpositionsintheirterritory;andofinsistinguponthefreduandasthoserightsneenteringupontheterritorytodendthesefredaandtoexerunity;inthestyleoftheforlaries;ofthecharters;andofthecapitularies164

    thelaoftheblyforadnisteringjustiitted167theen;
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第200节

    andheldtheirplaonarchy

    ifindinthelivesofthesaints168thatallnnerofjurisdisandlaes;anditisthesecustoandlaigating169

    olunts170

    thesaprineprinpttheelvesfrotributingtothepublibledatrheideadeunity174theagneintheyear806ordainsthattheinalandciviljurisdictionoverthoseheirlands175infine;asthecapitularyofcharlesthebald176distinguishesbethekingsjurisdiction;thatofthelords;andthatofthechurch;ishallsaynothingfurtheruponthissubject

    22thatthejurisdiineitfounditeasiertosaythatthevassalsdidnotpossessthantodisverhoetopossessbutthejurisdiitiveestablishnt;andnotfrotsrruption

    ”hean;”saysthelapositiontohisrelativesifhehasany;ifnot;heshallpayittotheduke;ortothepersonunderselfinhislifeti”177itisitoputoneselfundertheprotectionofanotherforabenefice

    ”hean;”saysthelaans;”shallhavereursetotheprinayobtainaposition”178

    ”ifaout;heshallbeansselfbyoath”179therehereforeadifferencebethedistrictofthecentenariiandthatofthevassals

    thisdeeyear;eoetterdiffersonlyintheter;thenstitutionssieursbignonandducange;esne;arestakenintheijecture181

    pepin;kingofitaly;inanstitutionthathadbeendeasbards;182afteriosingpenaltiesontheuntsandotherroyaloffiinistrationofjustibard;possessedofafief;isuninisterjustie;eitherthejudgeorhisssaryshalladnisterjustice183

    itappearsbyaagne;184thatthekingsdidnotlevythefredainallplaeprinbeingadnistered;thekingsssariesshallliveinhishouseatdisinisteredishalllikeakesadistinctionbethoseofprivatepersons

    ongthenquerorsitations;orofthetranslationsofthosefiefsinperpetuity;ustcertainlyhavebeeninherentinthefiefandoneofitschiefprivileges

    berofrerdsthatestablishthepatrinialjurisdiostofthererdsnoonks;fortheuseoftheiasteriesthesend;thatthepatrinyoftheseveraledbypartitheorderestablished;they;adetothefeudallordsbeingnsequenand;andpledeliverythelifeofstur

    butthethirdforlaryofity;andnsequentlythatofjurisdiontotheeybesaidofthenstitutionofclothariusii190

    23generalideaoftheabbédubosbookontheestablishntofthefrenynotionsareperpetuallyntrarytohis;andifheha**onthetruth;isthavessedit

    thisperfoanybeoreitaboundsinprobabilities;and;infine;b
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第201节

    eindistakenupultitudeofresearagihatnothinghasbeenfound;thelengthoftheakesusthinkthatourjoueysend

    butihetterthoroughly;nselossusnseiftheabbédubossysteadbeenestoproveit;heelyforeigntoit;evenreasonitselfeuchtrouble;hers”

    24thesasubjeainpartofthesystetheabbédubosendeavoursbyallanstoexplodetheopinionthatthefranksdethenquestofgaulaourkingsselvesintheplaaneerors

    thispretensioneannder;andnqueredtheuntryasterofagreatpartofgaulbyopenforustprovethatthepeopleinationoftheronsorundertheiroansbelongingtothatpartofgaulnotyetinvadedbythebarbariansoriselvesagainstthebarbarians;andtobegoveedbytheiroanoffioribeingabletotellusthefateofthisrepubliueofhonoriustothenquestofirableexaes;stillthisrepubliperorhonorius;theuntryofarriedakindofrepubliedalonstratedbystrongandsubstantialproofs;inordertoestablishhissysteforentioninhistoryofthennerofitsbeingeffected;reasontobelievethattheaffairendedasitbegan

    theseprinciplesthatgaulans;aysafelydenyit

    thisauthorproveshisprinilitibuttheseterelyofhisoigiuslettertoclovis;onulationuponhisaccessiontothecroheintentofaingissoanothertu

    peroranastasius:butanauthoritythatlastedonlyoneyearitisveryprobable;saysourauthor;thatinthesadiplotheeeroranastasiusdeclovispronsuland;isay;itisveryprobablehedidnotonarchy;andallhisrightsablished

    thesendproofallegedbytheabbédubosistherenunadebytheeerorjustinian;infavourofthepireovergauliuldsayagreatdealnannerinedthenditionsofitbesides;thekingsofthefranksastersandpeaebefore;andtheeasteeirehadnorighttogaul;butasrepresentingtheeeroroftheonarchyofthefranksentade;thereciprocalrightsofthepersonsandofthedifferentnationsonarchyitted;thelaentalreadyestablished

    eanbykingsuationsofallthosebishops;idstthenfusionandtotalsubversionofthestate;endeavourtoflatterthenquerorpliedbyflatteringbuttheoflatterdorhetoricandpoetryprovebuttheuseofthoseveryartsisitpossibletohelpbeingsurprisedatgregoryoftours;
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第202节

    etioningtheassassinationsttedbyieseverydayathisfeet;beiseriesofnquestandthattherongoventsubttedtothatofthefranksthefranksakeatotalustnotonlyhavedenoans;buttheystevenhavechangedtheelves

    iuldundertaketoprove;byfolloethod;thatthegreeksnevequeredpersiaishouldsetoutentioningthetreatieseoftheirlistentotheoranrelle;andhoetopayhibeisanonehalfofhiskingdosnotdariusassassinatedlikeatyrantdonotthetherandporarieshasnottheinventionofprintingaffordedusgreatlightentofthefrenchnarchyingaul

    25ofthefrenaintainsthatatthenonarilies;isequallyaffrontingtothethreegreathousestheoriginoftheirgrandeurehistoryghtpointouttheagesilies;andtokeansorsaxons;thatis;angthenquerednations

    thisauthorgroundshisopiniononthesaliansitdistinguishedthekingsguest;forpositionofthreehundredsous;froheronproprietortoitgrantedahundred;andfroherontributarytoitgaveonlyapositionoffortyfiveandasthedifferenedtheprinongtherons

    itisastonishingthathisverystakedidnotsethiightand;indeed;itannobilityinationofthefranksshouldhavehadalargerposition;andbeenpersonsofostillustriousangthefranks;andtheirgreatestgeneralsselves;andsogreataregardforthenqueredpeoplebesides;ourauthorquotesthelaatterofastonishntthatthisgeneralruleshouldhavefailedonlyangthefrankshenisappliedthepassagesofthesaliclauallythecase

    uponopeningthislapositionforthedeathofanantrustio197thatis;ofthekingsvassal;an;position199forthedeathofanordinaryfrankan;antributary;202anorfreedn;theypaidapositionoffortyfivesous:butishalltakenonotiorethanofthepositionfortherderofafrankbondnorofafrankfreedn;becausethisthirdorderofpersonsisoutofthequestion

    ongtherons;andforpositions;hefindsthatthereongthefranks;andthatthereongtherons

    astheabbéisofopinionthatthereongthefr
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