The Spirit of Law-法的精神(英文版)- 第6部分

　　　　thelaultitudeofaffairsinionisentangled

　　　　ininstitutionsofthiskind；ney；asustbebanishedbutingreatsoeanstoousnsentofnkind；thispowerisannexed

　　　　8explanationofaparadoxoftheanusiersedinluxuryanddebauthatthereisnopossibilityofkingaentaristotle；stohave；notusiverthennersofthepeople12thisaturereflection；beingoneoftheprinciplesoftheirpolity14thusitheyenactedlahustheyrequiredthatcitiesshouldbegoveed

　　　　thisifanostarts；”saysxenophon；15”rruptandenervatethebodiesofthosethatexertositintheshade；oearthefiretheyoofthecity17

　　　　agrionians；theperieongthethessalians；andothequered18peopleinotherrepublics

　　　　infine；everykindoflorongthegreeks；asitobligedaselfhtrade

　　　　thusinthegreekrepubliployntforthengyiightsoftentheiners23forthispurpose；siediuetanlyexercises；usicinspiredvirtue；forthisitpreventedtheeffectsofasavageinstitution；andenabledthesoultohavesuchashareintheeducationasituldneverhavehadhouttheassistanc
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第21节

　　　　eofhay

　　　　letussupposeangourselvesasoensopassionatelyfondofhuntingastokeittheirsoleeloynt；theybibeatasteforsiusientlyagainstthestage；suffiind

　　　　ifthesoentionedusis；andthesoundofthetruet；orediffioreltingtonesofsofterhaytheanodetoanotherinregardtonners

　　　　butsousientitisbecauseofallsensiblepleasuresthereisnohatlessrruptsthesoulannersoftheiryouth；authorisedbylatobeproscribedbyallnations

　　　　1seedaubignyshistory

　　　　2entionhereetisendeavourstoreve；andatothertistoregulate

　　　　3politics；i13

　　　　4philopoenobligedthelaannerofedueasuretheyagnanityplutarenseelivy；xxxviii

　　　　5shedefendedherlaeshedeabraverresistancethanthegreatestkings

　　　　6florus；i16

　　　　7infecerolicicero；letterstoatticus；ii1

　　　　8theindiansofparaguaydonotdependonanypartiselves

　　　　9plutarchinhisquestionsnceingthegreekaffairs；xxix

　　　　10suchaserlythecitiesofgreece

　　　　11republic；iv

　　　　12politics；viii5

　　　　13pelopidas

　　　　14plato；inhisseventhbookoflausiportanteloyntsinthecity；and；inhisrepublic；iii；danindents；orofinspiringthentraryvirtues

　　　　15rabilia；v

　　　　16politics；iii4

　　　　17diophantes；saysaristotle；politics；ii7；dealaerlyatathens；thatartisansshouldbeslavestotherepublic

　　　　18plato；likeselvestilledtheland：butthisents；edeesthecitiesofgreeceent

　　　　19cauponatio

　　　　20bookv

　　　　21aristotle；politics；viiviii

　　　　22ibid；viii3

　　　　23aristotleobservesthattheonians；heseexercisesataverytenderage；ntractedthencetoogreataferocityandrudenessofbehaviouribid；viii4

　　　　24pelopidas

　　　　bookvthatthelaent

　　　　1ideaofthisbookthatthelaenthasbeenshoeybesaidofthoseent；andthisprinciplederivesthence；initstu；aneechanics；thatactionisalion

　　　　ourdesignis；toexahisrelationineaent；beginninghtherepublicanstate；theprincipleofue

　　　　2eantbyvirtueinapolitiplething：itisaloveoftherepublieanestasnpeopleadoptgoodxi；theyadheretotheoresteadilythanthoseenitisveryrarelythatrruptionnperfeenttotheestablishedlas

　　　　theloveofouruntryisnduorals；andthelatterisagainnduerthelessoreesitthatnksaresofondoftheirorderitisofrollthosethingsbyainsthereforeonlythispassionfortheveryrulethattotsthethereaustereitis；thatis；thereitorefor

　　　　3eantbyaloveoftherepublioocracy；asthelatteristhatofequality

　　　　aloveofthedeepleasuresandforhesahopes；ageneralfrugality

　　　　theloveofequalityinadeensedebttoouruntry；hanneverdischarge

　　　　hentheprinovedbysignalservicesorsuperiorabilities

　　　　theloveoffrugalitylitsthedesireofhavingtothestudyofproily；andsuperfluitiestoouruntryrichesgiveapoself；forthenhenottoe
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第22节

　　　　njoy；becausethesetotheequality

　　　　thusoadeetiforpublitheveryfundoffrugalityandasreligionndsustohavepureandunspottedhandsakeourofferingstothegods；thelatobeliberaltoouruntry

　　　　thegoodsenseandhappinessofindividualsdependgreatlyuponthedioiddlingstation；isposedofen；itposedofhappyn；itelyhappy

　　　　4inyisgreatlyexcitedbyequalityandfrugalitytheelves；insocietieshthesevirtuesareestablishedbylaw

　　　　innarents；nobodyaiatequality；thisdoesnotsotheirobscurity；onlytolorditovertheirfellos

　　　　itisthesaustpraon；alenserableliketheelves；detesttheirorpointofsery

　　　　atruexitis；therefore；thatinordertoloveequalityandfrugalityinarepublic；thesevirtuessthavebeenpreviouslyestablishedbylaw

　　　　5ineanulus；deanequaldivisionoflandsasettlentofthiskindselvesobligedtodend；andtheriedyofthisnature

　　　　ifthelegislator；inkingadivisionofthiskind；doesnotenasonlyateorarynstitution；inequalityhelaprecludedit；andtherepublicterlyundone

　　　　heneregulationinrespeents；andallotherforofntractingforandhoentallaw

　　　　solon；byperttingtheathenians；uponfailureofissue1toleavetheirestatestotheypleased；actedntrarytotheancientlailyofthetestator；2andevenntrarytohisoedatequality

　　　　thelaelyotheequaldistributionoflandsandportionsdetoeaorethanasingleportion

　　　　frohesasoureregulationheathenians

　　　　atathensthereyopinion；hasnotbeenhithertorightlyunderstooditarryasisteronlybythefathersside；butitittedtoespouseasisterbythesaventer5thisanarriedhissisteronlybythefatherssideuldinheritbutoneestate；naly；thatofhisfather；butbyespousinghissisterbythesaventer；itghthappenthatthissistersfather；havingnoleissue；ghtleaveherhisestate；andnsequentlythebrotherarriedherghtbepossessedoftwo

　　　　littlearryasisterbythefathersside；andnotbythethers；yetthentrarypraonians；ittedtoespouseasisterbythethersside；andnotbythefathersforifindinstrabo7thatatsparta；anarriedtoherbrothershehadhalfhisportionforherdoadeinordertopreventthebadnsequenerthattheestatebelongingtothesistersfalyghtnotdevolveonthebrothers；theygavehalfthebrothersestatetothesisterforherdowry

　　　　seneissionitedatathens；butgeneralatalexandriainanarenttheretlenceaboutanysuchthingasadivisionofestates

　　　　exobersofcitizensghtaluponanequalityhthatofthedivisions

　　　　phaleasofethodofrenderingallfortunesequal；inarepublioneyfortheirdaughters；insteadofgivingtheortunesbutidonotreerthataregulationofthiskindevertookpladetesttheveryequalityetisthatthelatotendsodirectlytotheendtheypropose

　　　　thoughrealequalitybetheverysoulofadeeexactnessinthisrespectoderaterichesalohatcangiveorsuffe
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第23节

　　　　rthissortofpensation；forastonofovergroasaninjury

　　　　allinequalityindethenatureofthegovent；andevenfroheprinple；itybeapprehendedthatpeopleuploynt；oegleenoanruinedbyapublienten；beingobligedtoneglecthisduty；self；andsoon

　　　　6inaintainfrugalityinadeall；asaryangtherons”godforbid；”saidallpie”

　　　　asequalityoffortunessupportsfrugality；sothelatterintainstheforrthesethings；thoughintheelvesdifferent；areofsuocracy；theothersurelyfollo

　　　　trueisitthatoerayacquirevastrichesorals

　　　　thisisbeerischiefis；rce；thenitisthattheinnveniencesofinequalitybegintobefelt

　　　　inordertosupportthisspirit；randstudy；thistheerepainseitherinpreservingoracquiringafortune

　　　　itisanexongtheerustpursuequitedifferentasures14

　　　　ingreeerer；theannerofgettingalivelihoodand；indeed；inaocracy；endonlytoisnecessary；everyoneoughttohaveit；forhoheirsbeotherwisesupplied

　　　　7otherthodsoffavouringtheprinoostanustbehadtootherthods

　　　　ifapeentbodybeestablishedtoserveasaruleandpatteofnners；asenate；toinentserviittanilyentsofvirtue

　　　　aboveall；thissenateststeadilyadheretotheanindthatthepeopleandthegistratesneversthe

　　　　thepreservationoftheanannerssinperfoyrableaestablishsopeopleannersareplainandsile；tokeepuptheancientcustoistheorals

　　　　besides；ifbysorevolutionthestatehashappenedtoassuane；thisseldonners；andthoseofdedatetorrupttheintheurseofalongadnistration；thedesostgenerousefforts

　　　　ithasbeenquestionedeersofthesenateedoubtlesstheyoughttobeforlife；asatro；15atsparta；16andevenatathensforustnotnfoundthesenateatathens；onths；eers；asstandingpattes；ablishedforlife

　　　　letthisbethereforeageneralxithatinasenatedesignedtobearule；andthedepository；asitanners；theersoughttobeinistrationofaffairs；theersybechanged

　　　　thespirit；saysaristotle；agistrate；butbly

　　　　atathens；besidestheareopagus；thereorals；asene；theittedtotagistratesasthesenatetherruptionsoftherepubliatiseindolenistakes；astoflagrantcris；theseentofthelaws

　　　　thatronlairablywell
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第24节

　　　　orals；itintidatedrrieden；ashoseochovertheiduct

　　　　nothingntributesretothepreservationofralsthananextresubordinationoftheyoungtotheoldthustheyarebothrestrained；theforrbytheirrespeselves

　　　　nothinggivesagreaterforbutatathensarichnagistrate”

　　　　patealauthorityislikeoralsentsthelaustthereforeendeavourtosupplythisdefeeansorother；andthisisdonebypatealauthority

　　　　fathersatrohadthepoanschild

　　　　patealauthorityendedatrotogetheronaragistrates

　　　　theronlaedyoungpeopletodependeninorityperhapsistakeninnfogtothisuchnstraintinnarchies

　　　　thisverysubordinationinarepubliebutthisisnotagreeabletothespiritofnarchy

　　　　8inentinanaristoehappinessasinapopulargovent；andthestategroensfortunesaresounequal；thelausttendasoderation；andendeavourtoreestablishthatequalityovedbythenstitution

　　　　thespiritofderationisueinanaristocracy；itsuppliestheplaceofthespiritofequalityinapopularstate

　　　　asthepoandsplendourapartoftheirpoodestyandsiliannersnstitutethestrengthofanaristocratiobility20heyaffectnodistinction；ix；andsharealltheirpleasures；thepeopleareapttoforgettheirsubjectionandweakness

　　　　everygoventhasitsnatureandprinustnotthereforeassuthenatureandprinonarplerespectforthesenators

　　　　inaristoentsthereareteinequalitybeteersofthebodythatgovesfroheseties；hatredsandjealousiesarise；helaevertopreventorrepress

　　　　thefirstinequalityisoreodiousthereaderyseeadvantagesthetribunesderivedthenceintheirharangues

　　　　thisinequalityoitfraudstoexettheelves；22oney；underpretenploynts；infine；npeopletributary；anddivideangtheirotheseveralsubsidiesthislastents

　　　　einoluntsfroheiroffietisthetaxesfellupontheloneinfine；farfroharingangtheelvestherevenuesofthestate；alltheyulddrathepublictreasure；andalltheacceptingpublichonours23

　　　　itisafundantalxihatlargessesarepeioenttheforrketheorgettheyareongthepeople；theystbenvihingalstasenjoyingitthegoldenphs；thetreasurespreservedintheteleofsatu；ythehofthepeople

　　　　itisaveryessentialpointinanaristoselvesshouldnotlevythetaxesthefirstorderofthestateinroneveeploynts；andthereeersappointedtorevetheabusesthenoblesents；eeverestatestheyplease

　　　　soonony；segovents；arkableshock；havedosuchadegreeasnotonlytheieighbours；buteventheiros；havebeensurprisedatit

　　　　thelarselvesrceisaprofessionofpeopleongdespoticstatesthe
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第25节

　　　　stserablearethoseinselftotrade

　　　　thelarce；byighteveninnocentlyacquireexorbitanth

　　　　thelaploythesteffeakingthenoblesdojustiselves

　　　　everysortofasylunoppositiontotheexeinionthereshouldbeeitherateoraryorperpetualgistratetokeepthenoblesinaagistratessubjealitiesthissortofgoventstandsinneedofthestrongestsprings：thusauthofstone25isopentoeveryinforratveniceauthtotogivetheappellationoftyranny

　　　　thesearbitrarygistratesinanaristooagistratesofalldenonationsinistration；26exceptthecensors27

　　　　therearettopaytheirdebtsintitoderatetheexcessofade；butnonfiscations；noagrarianlaischief

　　　　thelaogenitureangthenobles28totheendthatbyantinualdivisionoftheinheritanaybealwaysuponalevel

　　　　thereshouldbenosubstitutions；nopoption；norightsofjorasgo；oradoptionthentrivaniliesinnarentsoughtnevertobeeloyedinaristocracies29

　　　　ilies；thenextthingistopreserveaproperhayandunionangthethequarrelsofthenobilityoughttobequiilies