《吾国与吾民-My Country and My people(英文版)》

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吾国与吾民-My Country and My people(英文版)- 第11部分


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    ofbig;huskyanilofasilarclassinthe;distinguishedonlybyhisbigjaw

    loeetsadifferenttype;hintelligenteyesand

    perantperhapsthe

    variabilityofintelligenongny

    eloentalpoen

    aspareden

    iifeninity

    indeed;theininendinnyrespearizeitsvariousaspectsthequalitiesofthe

    fenineintelligenind

    theonsenseitisshyof

    abstractter;likeensspeechthechinesehinkingissynthetic;

    ncreteandrevelsinproverbs;likeensnversationtheyneverhavehad

    highertheticsoftheirohavegonebeyondthelevelof

    arithtic;likenyen;asculineen

    prizeenhaveasurerinstinen;andthe

    chinesehaveitrethanotherpeoplethechinesedependlargelyupontheir

    intuitionforsolvingallnaturessteries;thatsa”intuition”or”sixthsense”

    akesnyenbelieveathingissobecauseitissoandfinallychinese

    logicishighlypersonal;likeenslogicaanintroducea

    professorofichthyologyasprofessorofichthyology;butasthebrotherinlawof

    lonelharrisonionfor

    appendicitisinnehatlovableolddoctorcabotyoushouldlookathis

    handsoforeheadinthesa
………………………………

第28节

    thinkoflawasan

    abstractentity;butasaflexiblequantityasitshouldbepersonallyappliedtolonel

    huangorjorliacrdingly;anylapersonalenoughtorespondto

    thepersonalityoflonelhuangorjorliisinhunandthereforenolaall

    chinesejusticeisanart;notascience

    1thisrefers;ofurse;togeneralanhoodasbroughtaboutbythepresentsocial

    syste

    jespersen;inhishandstructureofenglish;once

    referredtothesculinequalitiesoftheenglishlanguagebypointingtoitsloveof

    eno;nsenseandforcefulnesshoutontradictsogreatan

    authorityojitheenglishlanguage;ibegtodifferonapointhesexes

    nsenseandthepracticalndarecharacteristicsofenratherthanof

    n;oreliabletotaketheirfeetoffthegroundandsoartoiossible

    heightsthechineselanguageandgraarshoininityexactlybecausethe

    language;initsforsyntaxandvocabulary;revealsanextresilicityof

    thinking;nageryandenoofsyntacticalrelationships

    thissilicityisbestillustratedfroidgin;eathchinese

    bones;ase;youno

    e;youe;henoe”shouldnotbensideredasclearasthere

    roundabout”youneednte;ifhees;andheneednte;ifyoue”in

    faoon;indeansenglish;quotes

    anenglishsorsetfarrastestifyingbeforethejudge:”hedastick;andheda

    stick;andhelickedhe;andhelickedhe;ifhelickedheashardashelickedhe;heda

    killedhe;andnothehe;”andthisseetoachresensiblealking

    thanoneaniccasedistinctionsforacrdingtothechinese;the

    differencebetplex;andtheaddingofthethirdpersonsingularending”s”

    isassuperfluousasisalreadyprovedtobeinthepasttenseihad;hehad;i;he

    things”houtever

    beingsunderstoodorlosinganythingexceptaaningless”class”hhas

    nothingtodohthebeautyofexpressionihavegreathopethatenglishand

    aricanprofessorsablypronouncea”hedont”in

    thesandthattheenglishlanguageyonedaybeeassensibleand

    clearasthechinese;throughtheinfluenceofpidgin

    acertainfeninepracticalinstincthasalreadyguidedtheenglishtoabbreviateall

    theirsubordinateclausesaschaspossible;like”itting5”god

    ed”ifidontnotshallnot

    ebacktonightand”ifnotshallbreakoutnextweek”

    jespersenalreadyntionssuplicityinenglishas”first

    e;firstserved”nocure;nopay;””oncebitten;tandard

    pidgintheyarebeginningtodropthe”;”too”o”

    englishgraaristhereforenotfarfroalvationtheplicityis;

    hoountainety”othe

    chineseclearlyansthat”ifyouonlysitandeatanddonothing;evenafortuneas

    bigasauntaiibeforetheenglishcan

    catchuphus

    thechinesencretehinkingcanalsobeillustratedbythenatureofits

    abstraetaphoricexpressionsanabstract

    notionisoftenexpressedbythebinationoftall”

    for”size;””longshort”for”length;””broadnarroh””isthe

    bigsllofyourshoes””long”and”short”alsorefertotherightandwrongof

    partiesindispute;asthechineseexpressionisentislongor

    short”andthereforeilar

    totheenglish”thelongandtheshortofitis”and”thatnhasnorightwrong”

    aningheisagoodnbecausehepreservesagodlikeindifferencetowardall

    questions;anddoesnotgetinvolvedinprivatedisputesabstractendingslike”ness”

    arealsounknoplysay;encius;that”the

    eastheeofaejade”thishasabearing

    ontheirlackoianalyticthinking

    en;sofarasiknosthis;ithink;hasbeenprovedby

    ananalyticalstudyofthevocabularyofenauthorstheanalytical;statistical

    thouch

    nsensetogotothetroubleofuntingoproveithe

    truthdirectlythatensvocabularyinspeechandingisdecidedlylessabstract;

    thatissuffiageryalways

    takestheplainologythehighlyacadecsentence:”thereisno

    differencebutdifferenceofdegreebetdegreesofdifferenceandnodifference3cannotbeexactlyreproducedinchinese;andachinesetranslatorwould

    probablysubstituteforitthencianquestion:”isthedifferencebetween

    runningaystepsandrunningaepsinbattle”sucha

    substituteexpressionlosesindefinitionandexactness;butgainsinintelligibilityto

    say;”hoentalprocesses”isnotsointelligibleas”how

    uldiknoind”;andthisintuisdecidedlyless

    affectivethanthechinese”aatapeinhisbelly”

    chinesethought;therefore;alainsontheperipheryofthevisibleworld;and

    thishelpsasenseoffactthis

    dislikeofabstractterisfurtherseeninthechinesenasforclassificationsh

    usuallyrequiresharplydefinedterinstead;thechinesealost

    expressivenasfordifferentthereare

    differentthodsofethodofchingafireacrossth
………………………………

第29节

    eriver”

    detaethodofdragonfliesskiingtheersurface”

    lightnessoftouch;”thethodofpaintingadragonanddottingitseyes”bringing

    outthesalientpoints;thethodofreleasinga”

    playingaboutasubject;”thethodofshohedragonsheadhoutitstail”

    freedofventandethodofasharp

    precipiceoverhangingatenthousandfeetravine”abruptnessofending;”the

    thodoflettingbloodbyoneneedleprick”direct;epigraaticgibe;”thethod

    ofgoingstraightintothefrayethodof

    announarchingtothe”surpriseattack;”the

    thodofsidestabsandflankingattaist

    hangingoveragreylake”lloethodoflayersof

    ulation;”thethodofthroedfirecrackersata

    horsesbuttocks5finalstabtoessuggest

    picturesqueterlikethe”boheories”ofthe

    originofspeech

    thisprofusenessofigeryandpauinologyhasaninfluenceon

    thestyleofingand;nsequently;onthestyleofthoughtontheonehand;it

    kesforvividness;ontheother;ityeasilydegenerateintoasenseless

    derativenessany

    periodsofchineseliterature;andagainsthe”fangdynastysetupa

    revoltsuchastylesuffersfroackofexactnessofexpression;butatitsbestit

    bringsabout;asinthebest”nonatic

    andsllingofthesoil;liketheproseofsanddefoe;”inthebestenglish

    tradition;”asicjargonhis

    rapidlygroericanuniversitycircles;especiallyangthepsychologists

    andsosof”factors;””processes;”

    ”individualization;””departntalization;””quotasofaition;””standardizationof

    anger”and”efficientsofhappiness”suchastyleispracticallyuntranslatableinto

    eludiadeinitunderthesloganof”europeanizationofchinese;”ofvoguetranslation

    fronglishintochineseishardestinscientifictreatises;

    chineseintoenglishishardestinpoetryandderativeprose;whereeveryword

    ntainsanige

    iiilackofscience

    suffiadeto

    enableustoappreciatethecauseoftheirfailuretodevelopnaturalsciencethe

    greekslaidthefoundationofnaturalsciencebecausethegreekndially

    ananalyticalnd;afactodeityofaristotlethe

    egyptiansdevelopedgeotryandastrono;sciencesical

    nd:andthehindusdevelopedagraaroftheirohalltheir

    nativeintelligenr;andtheirtheticsand

    astronoinddelightsonly

    inralplatitudes;andtheirabstractterlike”benevolence;””kindliness;”

    ”propriety”and”loyalty”aresogeneralthatinsuchdiscussionstheyarenaturallylost

    invaguegeneralities

    ofalltheanotseandhanfeitse

    developedastyleakintogentreasoningncius;edlyagreat

    sophist;caredonlyforsuchbigility”and”righteousness”alltherestof

    thelikechuangtse;liehtseandhuainantse;delightedingracefultaphorsthe

    disotse;hueishihandkungsunlung;sophists;were

    interestedinspinningss;andinendeavouringtoprovesuch

    propositionsas”eggshavehaironthe””horseslayeggs;””adogybeala;”

    ”achickenhasthreelegs;””fireisnot;””theouchestheground;”

    ”atortoiseislongerthanasnake;”etcthescholarsofthehandynasty;hsoon

    folloakingalexandrianntariesontheclassicsof

    theprerevivedtaoisnddependedon

    their”intuition”forthesolvingofthesteriesoftheiroheuniverse

    experintatiohodhadbeendeveloped

    thesungphilosophersreinterpretednfu;and

    transforditintoasystefntaldisciplineandralhygienetheydeveloped

    areputationforgraspingthegeneralntentofabook”houtingtokno

    thoroughly”thesungsostunscientificphilology;oo

    philologyatallonlyaslateasthechingnchudynastyheredevelopeda

    parativethod;onceputthechingphilologyonaheightunattained

    beforechingphilologyethodinchina

    itiseasytoseeindethod;forthe

    scientificthod;besidesbeinganalytical;alountofstupid

    drudgery;nsenseandinsightandinduanrelationshipsinhechineseare

    pririlyinterested;oftenresultsinaforfstupiditynotsorareinarican

    universitiestherearetodaydoethodh

    akebantuinhisgravenochineseuldpossiblybestupidenoughto

    ;andafteraseriesofcarefulobservations;announce

    thestaggeringnaryfunanufactureof

    ieandtion

    parisononfourthodsofdishhat”stoopingand

    liftingarefatiguing”;2orthat;in”astudyofthebacterialntentoftton

    undershirts;33”thenuerofbacteriatendstoincreasee

    gatsareseveralyearsagostatedthata
………………………………

第30节

    universityof

    akinga”parativestudy”oftheiressionalpowerof

    varioustypesoflettering;foundthattheblackerthelines;therestrikingtheyare

    totheeye

    thissortofstupidity;althoughusefultobusinessadvertisent;uldreallybe

    arrivedat;ithink;justasrreonsenseand

    ”intuition”thebestcartoonihaveeverseeninpunchisthatofangressof

    behaviouristsberofpig”subjects”throughatest;ha

    therterinthesnoutandapearlneouslyresolve

    thatpigsdonotrespondtothesightofjeerely

    prostitutionofthescientificthod;forhatprofessorcasonofrochester

    universityreadapaperattheninthannualinteationalnferenceofpsychologists

    onthe”originandnatureofnannoyances;”ined21;000

    kindsofannoyances;erdeductingduplicationsand”spuriousannoyances;”

    erreducedto507;andinhese

    ”annoyances;”like26rksfor”hairinfood;”2for”thesightofabaldhead”and24

    for”ckroaches”

    1teachersllegererd;luiauniversity;feb;1930;p472;quotedby

    abrahalexner:universities;arican;englishandge

    sflexner;ibid”adissertationsubttedtothegraduatefacultyincandidacyfor

    degreeofsterofarts;”universityofchicago

    8flexner;ibid”adissertationsubttedinpartialfulfilntoftherequirentsof

    kansasstateagriculturalllegefordegreeofdoctoroiscience”

    acertainauntofstupiddrudgeryisofursepartandparceloftruescientific

    ruescientificdisciplinecanenableascientisttotakedelightinthe

    disverythatanearthhasacer
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