song
thisaostdratiancesarenothattendinga
sendti;althoughpeoplegotothesaoperasforthefiftiethtihoutlosing
theedgeoftheirkeenenjoyntthusitishthechinesetheatrethesocalled
chinghsi”pekingplays”hasageneralrepertoireoflessthanahundredpiecesh
areplayedoverandoveragainhoutlosingtheirpopularityandthepeople
applaudbyshouting”hao”invariablyattheariasostintenseor
intria;andacting
isrelyanaainsonessentially
thesalevelasthatofadonnas
thechineseoperagoer;therefore;appraisesthechineseactorunderthetwo
categoriesofhis”singing”ckang}andhis”acting”chuobutthissocalled
”acting”isoftenpurelytechnicalandnsistsofcertainnventionalwaysof
expressingetions梚nthe;istoustheshockinglyinartisticheavingand
sadonnaschest;andintheeast;istooccidentalsthe
ludicrous
andbeautyandagoodvoiofactingisalosatisfythe
audiencebutaybebeautifulandeveryposea
perfeeilanfangby
aricansisessentiallyrrect;althoughhouchofhissingingis
apprearvelsathisbeautifulposesand
gestures;hisgraceful;slongblackeyeb
………………………………
第85节
roininegait;his
flirtatioussideglancesandtheefake
sexappealhthechineseaudienceandisatthe
baendouspopularityinchinaanartist;this
appealisuniversal;foritspeaksthelanguageofgestures;eationalas
siodesenseoftheayappropriatelyleatheaba
shearerorruthghattertonoberidingon
horsebackorpaddlingaboat;hisactingisneitherbetteorworse
thanthatoffiveyearolddaughterboo
stickbethighs
ifas;hatthe
plot;assiestcharacter;thedialogue
uniortant;ances;
veryoftenpopularseletheoperas;ratherthantheentireplays;aregiven;
inthesannerthatoperaticselectionsarerenderedinusicalnceits
theaudienceknohestoriesbyheart;andthecharactersareregnizedbytheir
nventionalsksandstusratherthanbythententsofthedialoguethefirst
yiiandras;asinextantasters;nsisted;hafew
exceptions;offouractsthesongsineachactoadefinitesetoftunesina
usianyexisting
piestheyareleftout;hedialoguepartwaslargely
spokenexteore
inthesoas”thesongsineachacteperson;
althoughnyaitation
probablyduetothesas”the
litationsofdratictechniqueuchlessrigid;thereore
freedoandfrohesedrasing
dynastyberofactsrrespondinginlengthtothe
”sesuldbe
usedinsongsofthesaact;severalsingersuldsinginalteationorinunisonin
thesaact;andthetunestheelvesthoseusedinthenorthe
dras;beingofthetypeodulationsoversinglesyllables
ofsuchdras;theberhsihsiangandautuinthehanpalace
hankungperialncubineghaoghiin;
ybetakenasrepresentativeofthenorthedras;oonpavilion
paiyuehfingandtheronaybetakenas
representativeofthesouthedrastheber;althoughnsistingof
taticsequenceoffiveplays;hfour
actsineach
thereisonedifferencebeteoperahethe
operaistheprivilegeoftheclasses;veryoftenattendedforitssocialglitterandoutof
an”operaplex”ratherthanforrealsicalappreciation;sofarastheoccupants
ofthe”goldenhorseshoe95arenentalfoodof
thepoordeeperthananyotherliteraryart;theoperashavegonedoothehearts
ofthepeopleigineapeopleassesknointhestreetsandatall
oddnts;andyouhaveapictureoftherelationbethe
aniainchina;unknoi
or”operania;”andoneyoftenseeaniafthelohdishevelled
hairandcladintatters;singingtheairsofkungckengchiandactingthepartofthe
greatchukolianginthestreetsofoldpeking
foreignvisitorsatchinesetheatresareoftenstruckbytheexcruciatingnoise
enatingfrohegongsanddruinlitaryplaysandtheequallynerveracking
falsettooflesingers;this
st;onthestobe
unterevidencedbytheapparentfortericanstoleratesqueaks
frohesaxophoneandothersounddnessfrohejazzbandany
chinesegentlensnervesonenditispossiblyallaquestionofadaptationbutthe
originofthedruandgongsandthefalsettocanonlybeunderstoodinthelightof
chinesetheatresurroundings
thechinesetheatreofthebettertypeinayardliketheelizabethantheatre
instcases;hoporaryhigh
abovethegroundiatheopen;orsotisrightacrossathoroughfare;tobetaken
dodiatelyaftertheoccasionthetheatrehereforeintheopenandthe
actorshadtopetehthepeddlerscries;thebarberstuningforks;the
ltsugarsellerssllgongs;theshoutingofn;enandchildrenandthe
barkingofdogsabovesuchadin;onlyathinfalsettokeyedinahighpitchuld
havebeenheard;asanybodyyverifyforhielfthegongsanddruwerealso
usedasaansofattractingattention;theyalheplaysanduldbe
heardaleaovieswhen
stagedinadetheatrebuilding;thevoluofnoisethusproducedistrulyterrific;
butsohoselvestoit;asthearicanshave
adaptedtheelvestojazztheynoiseandtheylifetogeta”kick”outof
ittiedand
”civilized”odetheatrebuildings
fropurelyliterarypointofvieaticainatypeofpoetry
yfireliefthat;
lovelyasthetangpoetryis;asandtheodddraticsongs
hsiaotiao}tofindsoofovesre
orlessalongcertaintraditio
………………………………
第86节
nalpattesofthoughtandstyleithasacultivated;
superrefinedtechnique;butitlacksgrandeurandpohefeelingone
getsontuingfrosandchinesedrasare
essentiallyregarded;ashasbeenpointedout;asallesisliketuing
fronexquisitepluranuchsuperiorin
freshness;richnessandvariety
chineselyricsaredainty;butneverlongandneververypoheirvery
terseness;narrativeanddescriptivepassagesarenecessarilylitedincharacterin
thedrasthespeandstyleofpoetryaredifferentwordsareusedhwould
havebeensffedatbytheurtcriticsasvulgarigesarise;anddratic
situationsarepresentederarypoh
dearlyanetionsreachaheight
unattainablebytheexquisitequatrainsoreightlinesthelanguageitself;he
pehhua;beingfreefrohe;naturalnessand
virilityentirelyundreadofbeforeitisalanguagetakenrathepeoples
uths;andshapedintobeautybyselvesfreeoftheclassical
standardsandso
stersoftheyuandrausedatoisitablebeautyofitsown;
odechineseorintoanyforeignlanguageit
canonlybesuggestedinthefollowing:
zzy;dizzy;lackadaisical;iquattingsgsglyon
anearthendivan
clatter;patter;theoldpopoisshakingherarsegreatbig
grainpan
lousy;slouchyliesthedonkeyunderthewillow;hislegs
sprawling;
lapping;patting;thatolieshandonthedonkeysneckis
pawing
oh;wakeupawhile
oh;wakeupawhile
tilikeabulletpastawindowisflying
桵achihyuan:huangliangng
atitotheexigenciesoftheoperaticairs;but
thelineswas
broaderandresuitabletotheveacularlanguageintenthe
liberationoftreachievedinthesungtguoriginatinginsongsandsettotheseairs;
alreadyprovidedforatreofirregularlengths;obeyingtherhythfthespoken
ratherthantheetreoreencipatedinthedras
asanapproxiteexaleofthisirregulartre;igivehereanenglishrendering
ofpassagesintheberasterpieceofthefirstorderinchinese
literature;hebeautyofinging;theheroine:
beforeshespoke;shehadreddened;
likeacherryripebroken;
likeastatueolten;
inant;
shedhavespoken
astringofnotessandgolden
uedsideyhe
folloanner:
sidelining;
herjadehairpindeclining;
brooonreclining;
intoherblackvelvettelesresigning
oveditribed:
nooveshersteps;cunning;pretty;
hersoftlikeasoutheditty;
sogracefullyslender;
sohelplesslytender;
likesbeforeazephyrgiddy
itisinterestingtonoteherethatrhythsunderstoodinchinesedraticpoetryand
ininusic
thereisnoreasonentaltresofthreesshouldnotbe
usedinsokindofregularbinationinenglishpoetrythishasbeendoneh
greatsuoredulatedrhythbr 》
thanthestraightuseofthreesthroughoutthelinetheideaish
experintbysoqualifiedenglishpoets
throughitsiensepopularitythetheatrehasachievedaplaceinthenational
chineselifeverynearlyrrespondingtoitslogicalplaceinanidealrepublicapart
froeausic;ithastaughtthechinesepeople;
oveiypercentofareilliterate;aknoazing;
crystallizing;asithefolkloreandentirehistoricalandliterarytraditioninplays
ofonnand
enthusanyahhasalivelieanyhistorical
heroeslikekuanyii;liupei;tsaotsao;hsuehjenkingshanandyang
kherintitekno
attendingthetheatresinyssionaryeducation;andhadto
leaitallpieyteensiknew
joshuastruetsbleheididnotknoili
thirtythatengchiangniicriedoverthebonesofherhusbandwhohaddied
buildingthegreatlabour;thetorrentofhertearswashedawaya
sectionofthegreatongthe
illiteratechinese
butthetheatre;besidespopularizinghistoryandsicangthepeople;hasan
equallyiortantculturalfunctioninprovidingthepeopleoral
notionsofgoodandevilpracticallyallthestandardizedchinesenotionsofloyal
nistersandfilialsonsandbraveaidensand
intriguingidservantsafereflectedinthecurrentchineseplaysrepresentedin
theforfstoriesanaybe;
theysinkdeepintotheirralnsintzusfilialpiety;ance;ingingspassion;yangkperedtastes;chin
kreason;yensungsgreedandcruelty;chukoliangsstrategy;changfeis
quickteer;andliensreligioussanctity梩heyallbeeassociatedinthe
chinesendsetheicretenceptionsof
goodandevilnduct
thestoryoftheronceoftheguitarpipachiisgivenheretoshohetypeof
ralinfluenpleof
thekindofstory;
………………………………
第87节
hadireesticloyalty;thathascapturedthe
popularfanaticunityinthedesense;being
posedoffortytsandtheactionextendingoveryears;norfordelicacyof
iginationoutanfing;norforpoetic
beautyberhsihsiang;norforgrandeur
ofpassionasinthehalloflongevityckangshtien}buttheronceofthe
guitaeverthelessholdsitsoybyitssheerappealtothebeautyof
dosticloveandloyalty;placeinthechineseheartits
influenceisretrulytypical
thereesaiyung
becausehisparentsbitionsforapoliticalcareerandwas
ntenttostayehehadjustrriedagirl;chaowuniang;
andtheplayopensilyfeastintheirgardeninspring
thereperialedictcallingforliterarytalentsintheuntry;and
thegistratehadreportedtsaisnatotheurtthisantatriptothecapital
andlongyearsofabsence;andthereperor
andfilialpietyand
togo;other;nsense;opposedtsaifinallyhadto
go;leavinghisagedparentsinthecareofhisyoungbrideandagoodfriendbythe
naofchang
tsaiinations;ingoutasthefirstscholaroftheland
thentroublebeganfortheprinisteiuhadanonlydaughter;abeautifuland
talentedgirl;helovedrethananythingelseonearthtsaio
rriagehheragainsthisheir;hallworldlyglory
beforehihishappinessarredbythethoughtofghaoinisters
daughterfoundoutthetruthandplannedissiontogo
hoandseetheirparents;butherfatherlyangeredandhearof
it
intheanebadtohao
wuniangilybyherhandiea
faneluckilythereinerelieffrohepublicgrainage;andghaoreceived
hershareonhere;hoo
juintoanoldhoughtofherresponsibilitytoheoldpeopleanddesistedthenshetoseechang;tsaisfriend;toborroo
feedherparentsh;ethehusksinsecretthepassagewhereshe
singsaboutthehusks;paringtheoherself;partedfrohericehwas
paredtoherhusband;isbynsensusofopinionthestvingpartofthe
ory
soon;hoheparentsf
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