paredtoherhusband;isbynsensusofopinionthestvingpartofthe
ory
soon;hoheparentsfoundthisoutandaskedherforgivenessforpast
plaintsagainstthethinalsbutoldstsaisoondied;andoldtsaihielf
fdlillshenursedhihroughhisillness;andoo;died;shecutoffherhair
andsoldittodefraypartofthefuneralexpenseshthehelpofhergoodfriend
chang;shebuiltherfatherinlahheroiredandhungry;she
laydoshesahatthegodof
theearthhadtakenpityonherandsenttonkeyandtheblack
tiger;tohelpherintheohergreatjoyand
surprise;thatthegravehadbeenfinished;andshetoldthestorytochang
changthenadvisedhertosetouttothecapitalinsearchofherhusbandsoshe
paintedaportraitofherhusband;anddisguisingherselfasanun;shebeggedherway
tothecapital;carryingaguitargoingthroughallkindsofhardships;shefinally
arrivedatloyang;andithappenedthereple;
hereforeandhungherhusbandspictureinpublictsai;the
bridegroohappenedtoetotheteletoprayforhisparents;andregnizing
hisoechaohenextdayattsais
hoasanun;beggingforalsheenistersdaughter;
lynspiredhhertotestherhusbandshearttheyhenhappily
reunited;andtheplayendsperor
hielf
suent
ofnobilityakesitpopularhthechineseasthesocietysdoingsare
popularination;hplays
suorethan
thatitshohfuleddaughter;apairofagedparentsinneedof
odeldajealousofherrival;and
finallyahighofficialsoinlovehhisoheseare
sooftheelentsinthechinesedraone
elentsthatkevingpictureslikehehillgreat
popularhitsinchinatheyalsoshootionalpeople;
entalplots
xthenovel
chinesenovelistsparativelyrecentehsao
paoyen》ingintheeighteenthcenturyheeveryoriginal
essaysandbeautifulpoetry;andnytravelandbiographicalsketcheslikeall
nventionalscholars;noedinhuanyilhsienchibuthealsoethe
tehsaopaqyen;andhisauthorshipofthisnovelcanbeprovedbeyondadoubt
throughpoeandessaysinhisllectednof
1890hisdutifulgreatgrandsonreprintedthehuanyuhsienchiinordertoperpetuate
hsiasna;buthedarednotor;any;includethenovel;
inntrovertiblyhsiasbesthelistofhisliteraryeas1917
diddrhushihdefinitelyestablishandber
dreastenbytsaohsiiehchin;undoubtedlyoneofthe
………………………………
第88节
greatest;ifnotthe
greateststerofchineseproseinpehhuailldonotknohetrue
authorof;andillindoubtastohe
tenare
brothers
characteristifthisattitudetohenovelarethebeginningandendingofthe
redonkfoundthestoryinscribedonahugerock;h
heextraoneleftbehindbythelegendarygoddessntiasusing
36;500ropian”
giantsthisrockyfeethighandty
feetonkpiedthestoryfroherockinscriptions;and
catotsaohsiiehchinshandsheitfortenyearsandreviseditfive
tis;dividingitintochapters;andheeaverseonit:
thesepagestellofbabblingnonsense;
astringofsadtearstheynceal
theyalllaughattheauthorsfolly;
butagicappeal
attheendofthestory;osttragicanddeeplyhundraswas
enaonkandthesoul
intelligenceandcapacityforloveandsufferinghadretuedtotherockasnii
itthousandsofyearsago;thesataoistnkreappearedthisnkissaidtohave
piedthestoryagainandonedayhecatotheauthorsstudyandputthe
nuscriptsinhiscaretsaohstiehchinreplied;laughingly:”thisisonlybabbling
nonsenseitisgoodforkillingtihafeeraor
plightifyouaskhooknoheheroof
thestory;andallthedetails;youaretakingittooseriously”hearinghe
said;thenkthreanuscriptsdoableandawaylaughing;
tossinghisheadandlingashe:”reallyitntainsonlybabblingnonsense
boththeauthorhielfandthen;assreaders;donotknow
e;eoneethefollowingverseon
it:
hestoryissadandtouching;
thensadderisitstooolery
butedrea
donotsneeratitsbuffoonery
butthetoooliery;sadandtouchingasitelygoodbecausesuch
literatureinedby
atrueoneyorfaandbecauseitwas
ostracizedliteratureinrespectablecircles;itescapedthebanalinfluenceofall
givingtheauthoeyorfa;the
authorshipofanoveluldendangerascholarspersonalsafety
atkiangyin;thehoofshihnaian;theauthorofallnarebrothers;thereis
stillalegendaboutselfoutoftroubleinthislegend;
shihedhthegiftofforeknoshehadtenthisnovel;
andent;havingrefusedtoservetheneingdynastyoneday
theeerorcaateandnoperors
righthandnliusaanuscriptsofthisnovelonhistable;andregnizing
shihssuperiortalent;liuplottedforhisruinitehesecurityofthe
nen
”brotherhoodofalln;”includingtherobbers;ntainedratherdangerousthoughts
sooneday;onthisbasis;liupetitionedtheeerortohaveshihsuonedtothe
capitalfortrialhee;shihkneanuscriptshadbeen
stolenandrealizedthatiteanhisdeath;soheborroads
frofriendanandaskedthelattertokethevoyage
assloposeda
fantastiperorof
hisinsanityunderthisverofinsanity;shihsavedhisownlife
thussurreptitiouslythenovelgreingitsglanceonthe
lonelypressively
grohesurfaceofabarrenrock;itgrehoutcultivation;anditgave
asheerinneressucha
floinaquarterofacentury;butho
shinesthatblossoeetobethejustificationforitsexistence;ithasdrainedits
lifebloodandhavingblossod;thefloheoriginofallgoodtales
andallgoodnovelssodidcervantese;andsodidboccaccio;outofthesheer
delightofoneyhadnothingtodoodetis;where
thereareroyaltiesandpyrightproteoneyispurelyanaount
ofneyadetheindspossible;butasecurelivingnevercreatedanything
neysenterioneyuldnotproducea
davidpperfieldourgreatstorytellers;likedefoeandfieldingandsnaian
andtsaohsuehchin;ebecausetheyhadastorytotellandbecausetheywere
bostorytellersnatureseedtohaveplacedtsaohstiehchininafabulously
luxurioushosurroundingandthenblastedthislifeallintonothingness;sothatin
hisoldage;asabankruptscholarandinhisdecrepithut;heuldrecallitalllikean
aer;andhavingrelivedthatdreanhisigination;hefelt
pelledtoputitdo;andliterature
1theauthorshipofthisnovelisreally
iregardtheredchaerdreasoneoftheasterpiecesits
characterdraanity;itsperfectfinishofstyleanditsstory
entitleittothatitsorefaliartousthanourliving
friends;andeachspeaksanaccenthaswe
callagreatstory:
afabulouslybeautifulily;hfour
dau
………………………………
第89节
ghtersandasongroebeautifulfeleusinsofthesaage;
livingalifeofntinualrailleryandbanteringlaughter;anuerofextrely
e
quickteeredbuttrue;andsosecretlyinloveaster;afehless
servantsilyjealousiesandscandals;afatherforever
absentfrooonofficialserviceandtanagingthe
plicatedroutineoftheost
gifted;stgarrulousandstbelovedofall;fengchieh;beingentirelyilliterate;the
”hero;”paoyii;aboyinpuberty;ale
pany;sent;asadetounderstand;bygodtogothroughthis
phantasgoriaofloveandsuffering;overprotectedliethesoleheirofallgreat
faliesinother;thehighestauthorityofthehousehold;
butextrelyafraidofhisfather;pletelyadredbyallhisfeleusinsand
aidservants;
atnight;hislovefortaiyu;hisorphanusinstayingintheirhouse;whowas
sufferingfrosutionandsoup;easilyoutshiningtherest
inbeautyandpoetry;butalittletooorestupidones;
openingherlovetopaoyiiaidensheart;
anotherfeleusin;paotsa;alsoinloveperandre
practicalndedandnsideredabetterheelders;thefinaldeception;
arrangentsfortheothershoutpaoytisortaiyus
knoadeher
laughhystericallyandsenthertoherdeath;andpaoytinothearingofittillthe
ing
halfidiotiind;andfinallyhisbeingank
allofthisisdepiily;thecrescendoofpiling
falysfortunesextendingoverthelastthirdofthestory;takingonesbreathaway
likethefallofthehouseofusheritsheydayofpleasurecy
hungintheair;insteadofaidautuon;s
arriedoffinto
differenthosaidservantsaway
andrried;andthestdevotedone;chingeandtruethe
phantasgoriavanished
if;assochinesecriticssay;theredchaerdrealdruinauntry;it
shouldhaveruinedchinalongagotaiytiandpaotsahavebeethenations
sberofothertypesarethere;too:theietuouschinghe
feninehsijen;therontichsiangytin;theanlytanchun;thegarrulous
fengchieh;thetalentedaoyti;allthereforoosettleoneschoiceupon;each
representingadifferenttypetheeasiestansteerantis
toaskhireorpaotsareifhepreferstaiyii;heisan
idealist;andifhepreferspactsa;heisarealistifhelikeschingwen;hewill
probablybeeagoodire
lipospoetryiliketanchun;binationoftaiyiisandpaotsvs
qualities;andarriedandbecaagooderof
paoyiiisdecidedlydesirableasa”hero”tobeworshippedby
youngn;butenanden;havestof
theeadthenovelsevenoreighttisover;andasciencehasdevelopedhis
redchaerdreaparableindignityand
volutotheshakespeareorgoethentaries
theredchaerdreaepresentsprobablytheheightoftheartofingnovelsin
china;allthingsnsidered;butitrepresentsalsoonlyoypeofnovelbriefly;
aybeclassifiedintothefolloypes;acrdingtotheitents
theirbestknoativeworksaregivenbelow:
1thenovelofadventure:shuikuckuanallnarebrothers
2thesupeaturalnovelortaleofhl
3thehistoris
4theloveronce:redchaerdrea
5thepoographieigoldvaseplu
6thenovelofsocialsatire:julinwaishih
7thenovelofideas:chinghuajuan
8thenovelofsocialnners:strangethingsofthelasttyyears
astri》forinstance;
althoughfourfifthspoographiannersinits
ruthlessandvividportrayalofncharacters;thegentryandthe”localrich;”and
partiingperiodtothese
novelsproperoaddtalesandshortstoriesinthebroadsense;h
haveaverylongtradition;bestrepresentedbyliaotsaistrangestoriesjrchinese
studio}andchinkuckikuandachuangsinnstancyandothertales;the
lastrepresentingthebestllectionofoldpopularstoriesthathaveedown
throughtheages
ihavegroupedthesereorlessintheorderoftheirpopularinfluenceacatalogue
ofnnovelsin”circulatinglibraries”onthestreethatnovelsof
adventure;inchinesecalled”novelsofchivalry;”easilytopthelistastrange
phenononthis;ofurse;inasocietyen
disuragedbyteaosteasytoexplainin
chinachivalricsons;iliesintroublehthepolice
orthegistrate;havebeendrivenoutofthehointothegutter;andchivalric
citizensustddleinotherpeoplesaffairs;
heyseeinjusticedoothepoororthehelpless;havebeendrivenoutof
soforbanditsforiftheparentsdonot”break”
thetheyarelikely
………………………………
第90节
tobreaktheirfalies;ootheabsenceofnstitutional
proteansonseeingjusticedoothepoorandoppressedina
societyustindeedbeaheroofthe”unbreakable”
sortitisobviousthatthoseaininthehoandinrespectablesocietyarethe
typethatisnoththetroubleof”breaking”atallthese”goodcitizens”ofchina
thereforeadrethesonsoftheforestverychashelplessenadrethe
henoreeasy
andreexptivelyinginbedtoreadallnarebrothers
andadretheproeeredthat
chinesenovelsaxealwaysreadinbed
thetaleofuralbeings;involvingfightsofgiantsandfairies;versalargestoreoffolktraditionthatliesveryclosetothechineseheartin
theind”ithasbeenpointedouthoind;
thesupeaturalisalixedhtherealthehsiyuchi;translatedinoutlineby
drtithyrichardsinassiontoheaven;describestheexploitsandadventure
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