abarepittanealsadayasilebutheartyal
eatenuchdealofluck;acrdingtothechinese
theoryofntentnt;forasachinesescholarhasputit;”aachis
indeedagreatthing:allelseisluxuryoflife”1
fotentntisanotherofthoseeableness;”
tenonredpaperandpastedonalldoorsonneispartof
theunselforderation;partofthathunhsays;”whengood
fortunees;donotenjoyallofit;”andofthatadviingscholar”tochoose
thelighterhappiness”angtheepigraoflaotseocurrent
phraseologyisthexihat”oneeethdisgrace”
anotherforfthisxis;”oneergesasapraiseoftherurallifeandofthenwhohasfeorries;a
sentintsandprivatelettersipia
lleingscholarsthuselushentohisfriend:
1thechinesedescriptionofthishappystateofgoingtobedachis:
”soft;ber
thisexpressionispositivelyvoluptuousinthechineselanguage
tonightoonhogettingapaintedhouseboat
andbringingalongafeusicianscanyoueandspendanightein
thisearlyautuiaoingtohaveareclusesgoade;andy
resignationisaanoftheuntains
itisthissortofsentintothecurrentthoughtsandfeelings
ofthetofindhappinessinhislo
hunhappinessisafrailthing;forthegodsareevidentlyjealousofittheproblebr 》
ofhappinessisthereforethestelusiveprobleflife;butafterallissaidanddone
aboutaintheprirynankindshighest
tosolveitthechinese;nsense;havebenttheir
highesteffortstohefindingofthishappiness;andliketheutilitariansthatthey
are;havealoreinterestedintheproblefhappinessthaninthe
problefprogress
sbertrandrusselledoutthat”therighttobehappy55illis;
aforgottenrightthatnobodyintheisinterestedin;eersbeing
preoccupiedoresendaryrightstovote;topassuponthekings
expenditure;todeclareobetriededthechinesehavenever
eventhoughtoftherighttobetrieded;buttheyhavealwaysbeen
suprelyjealousoftheirrighttohappiness;herpovertynordisgraceis
allothetheofhappiness
ispositive;hechineseapproachisnegativethequestionofhappinessis
alanssthefactis;we
areverychinnfusionastoforthisreason;thestoryof
diogenesedtotheanbecausehedidnot
hishands;
alelaughterandathede
nthedenfindshielfinntinualperplexityinregardtony
proble;andstofallinproblethataffectcloselyhispersonallifehecannot
sparehielfacertainluxuriousenvyforthatasceticidealofdiogenes;andisatthe
satifarfrossareallygoodshooviethatgivesusthe
soodespirit
thechinese;houtgoingsofarasdiogenes;forthechinesenevergofarinanything;takethenegativeapproachtohappinessthroughtheirphilosophyof
ntentntunlikediogenes;hoans
………………………………
第23节
quiteafehingsbut
heakeforhappiness;andatthesatidoesnotinsist
onhavingtheftheyareoutofhisreachhesatleastapairofcleanshirts;for
diogenesinthestorybookyexhaleacertainspiritualfragrancebutdiogenesas
abedfelloelypoorandcanhaveonly
oneshirt;heind;eitherandunlikediogenes;hesalsoagoodshow;
andheselfuptothefullenjoyntofitbutifhestgohout
that;heetalloldtreesinhisneighbourhood;butif
he;adatetreeinhisyardjustaschhappinesshe
anychildren;andaedishes;andif
heisaidservantinredpyjastotend
theincenseegoodfriends;anda
anands;preferablytobefoundinthepersonofhis;then
inoneofthesingsonggirlsifheisnotbohsuch”voluptuousluck;”thenhe
ach;butngeeandpickledcarrotsare
notsostlyinchinandhesagoodjugofriceen
hobrethegoodoldwineshops
hesleisure;andleisurehecanhaveinchina;andheisashappyasabirdifhe
hastankinabaooveredyard
andenjoyedanotheroflifesleisurelyhalfdays
heong
theuntainsountainrillrunningpasthishut;orinavalleywhereofan
afteoonhecansaunteralongtheriverbankandorantscatchingfishfor
thefisherbutifheustliveinthecity;hebesorry;
eitherforhetedflohe
on;forhecanaloonsodidsutungpothepoeteaboutthe
oninaperfectgeikelittleessay;called”anightpronadeatchengtien”:
onthetoonofthesixthyearofyiianfeng;ihadundressed
andoonlightentereddoor;andigotup;happyof
heartithoughtthereesoio
theinhe;too;hadnotyetgoobedsowe
pacedaboutintheyardtheyardlookedlikeatransparentpoolhtheshadowsof
boosandpireescastby
theonlightisntthereaononeverynightandarenttherebaoosand
pireeseveryherearefehetwoofus
astrongdeteationtogetthebestoutoflife;akeendesiretoenjoyonehas;
andnoregretsifonefails:thisistheseent
viihuur
huurisastateofndrethanthat;itisapointofvie
lifethefloourblooentofanation
thereisanexuberanceofintellectabletoflayitsoourisnothing
butintellectslashingatitselfinanyperiodofhistory;ankindo
perceiveitsoallness;anditsoencies;a
huristappeared;likearkhayydfpersia;and
aristophanesofgreeceathenselypoorerhadtherebeenno
aristophanes;andthechineseintellectualheritageelylessrichhad
therebeennochuangtse
sincechuangtselivedande;hoiciansandbanditshave
beegreathurists;becausetheyhavebeeniued;directlyorindirectly;h
thechuangtseanvie;athin;shrillyet
cataclysclaughterhesthavebeenabachelorallhislife;orheuldnothave
laughedsoroguishlyanyarriedorhadany
progenythelastughsoflaotseslaughterupbychuangtseandhe;
beingayounge;hadarichervoice;andtheringofhislaughterhasreverberated
throughouttheagesetisifeelwe
arecarryingthejoketoofar;andlaughalittleoutofseason
theabyslignoranore
iressivethanour
itisreallyassurprisingasifanarabcaravanoask:aretheresandsinthe
saharadesertitisstrange;hoayseeinauntry
theoretiour;forhuurisboof
realisandtheourisboof
nsense;andtheonsensehuur;
espeentandleisure;andthechinese
havententntandleisuretoasupredegreeahuristisoftenadefeatist;and
delightsinreuntinghisobarrassnts;andthechineseareoften
sane;olndeddefeatistshuuroftentakesatolerantvieeandeviland
insteadofndeingthelaughsattheandthechinesehavealwaysbeen
characterizedbythecapacitytotolerateeviltolerationhas;then;agoodandabad
side;andtheifthecharacteristicsofthechineseracewe
havedisnsense;toleration;ntentntandoldroguery梐re
true;thenhuurisinevitableinchina
chinesehuur;hooreindeedsthaninheir
our;butthenesttype;calledhuacki;in
etisthenfus;reallyanstoonly”tryingtobefunny”suchingsareonlyliteraryrelaxationsofatoo
rigoristiourassuchhadnoproperplaceinliteratureat
leastthereentoftheroleandvalueofhuurin
literaturehuur;indeed;aboundsinchinesenovels;butnovelswerenever
acceptedas”literature55bytheclassicists
thereisveryfirstclasshuurinshikingbookof
………………………………
第24节
poetry;inthenfucian
analectsandinhanfeitse;butthenfuciangentlen;broughtupinhispuritan
vieseeanyfuninnfucius;justashefailedtoseethewonderful
tenderlovelyricsinshikinggivingtheantasticinterpretations;asthee
theologiansgiveofthesongofsongsthereisaveryfinehuurintao
yuanngsings;too;asortofquietleisurelyntentandarefinedluxuryof
selfabnegatkthebestexaleofonhisunhysons:
telesaregrey;sclesnolongerfull
fivesonshavei;andnoneoftheikesschool
ahshuissixteenandaslazyaslazycanbe
ahhsiianisfifteenandnotasteforreadinghashe
thirteenareyungandtuan;yettheycanttellsixfroeven
atungsonlypearsandchestnuts梚ntwoyearshellbeeleven
then;eletetythiscup;ifsuchbethewillofheaven
huurthereis;too;intufusandlipospoetry;tufuenproducesinhis
readersabittersle;andlipoanticistnonchalance;butwe
donotcallit”huur”theunholyahe
nationalreligionalsorestriadethepresentation
ofnovelpointsofvieouronlylivesonnovelandoriginal
pointsofvieentisnotnducivetothe
produorousliteratureifanyoneakeallectionofchinese
huur;hethefolksongsandtheyuandrasandthe
ngnovels;alloutsidethepaleoftheclassical”literatureandintheprivatenotes
andlettersofsingdynasties;hey
arealittleofftheirguard
butthechinesehaveneverthelessahuuralltheiroheyalwayslovea
goodjokeitishuurofagriersort;andisbasedonthefarcicalviewoflifein
spiteoftheextrelyseriousstyleintheireditorialandpoliticalings;hare
seldoelievedbyhuur;theyoftensurprisetheforeignersbytheextrelylight
nnerinportantreforrograesandvents;likethe
kuontangagrarianprograe;thesanndoinerelief;
theneent;andtheantiopiuureauxanaricanprofessor;
recentlyvisitingshanghaiandlecturinginthechineselleges;pletely
surprisedbytheburstoflaughterangthestudentaudienadeaserious
referenbureaux;heetbystillloudervolleys
ofsilverylaughter
forhuuris;asihavesaid;apointofvielifehthatview
oflifeoreorlessfaliarlifeisahugefarce;andanbeingsare
repuppetsinitthenakeslifetooseriously;whoobeyslibrary
readingrooulestoohonestly;erelya
signboardsaysso;alakesafoolofhielfandisusuallysubjectedtolaughter
froisolderlleagues;andsincelaughterisntagious;verysoonhebeesa
hurist;too
thishuristfarcicalitythenresultsintheinabilityofthechinesetotakeanything
seriously;frohestseriouspolitiventtoadogsfuneralthe
farcicalelentinchinesefuneralsistypicalinthegrandiloquentfuneral
proiddleclasses;youcanseestreeturchinshdirty
faultilouredrobes;acpanied;indechina;
bybrassbandsplaying”oniansoldiers;”sareoftenadduced
byeuropeansasproofsoftheourachinesefuneralprocession;
hobolofchinesehuur;foreuropeansaloakeafuneral
proakeitsoleasolefuneralisinnceivableto
thechinesendheeuropeanserristhat;htheirprenceivednotions;
theythinkapriorithatafuneralshouldbeasoleaffairafuneral;likeawedding;
shouldbenoisyandshouldbeexpensive;butthereisnoreasonshouldbe
solesoleityisalreadyprovidedforinthegrandiloquentgoherestis
forandforsfarcetothisday;icannotdistinguishbetweenafuneralanda
iliseeaffinorahair
bolizedbythehighlyfarcicalfuneralprocession;
nsistsinplianceassuchandthetotaldisregardofthe
substanceinactualityoneourofachinesefuneralshould
beabletoreadandinterpretsproperlyalsopolitical
prograesandoffi;beingdraftedby
clerksbasticphraseology;justasthereare
specialshopskeepingfuneralprocessiongownsandparaphealiaforhire;andno
intelligentchineseevertakestheeriouslyifforeignnes
bolofthefuneralgoind;theyobe
sledbythendthenlatergiveupthechineseasauniquepeoplethattheyfailto
understand
thisfarandsubstancecanbe
illustratedinariaddifferenteyearsago;agoventorder;
originatinginarequestfrohecentralkuontang;prohibitedthechinese
goventnistriesfroeepingshanghaioffiinisters
esinshanghai;andthroberofpeopleoutofjobsthe
nankingnistersneitherdefiedthenankingordeorpetitionedforitsrepealon
honestgroundsofinnvenienceandiracticabilitynoprofessionalclerkuldbe
akeitacrd;sinceit
antthedesireofents;hwouldbe
unpatriotictheydidaninfinitelyclevererthingbychangingthedoorplatesoftheir
shanghaiofficesandcallingtheradeinspectionbureauxthedoorplatesprobably
sttydollarsapie
………………………………
第25节
ce;nonhroofajob;andno”face”
thesinistersbutalsonankingitself;
inistersaregreathuristsso
areourbanditssoareourourofchinesecivilwarshasalr
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